Hoberman H D, San George R C
Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461.
J Biochem Toxicol. 1988 Summer;3:105-19. doi: 10.1002/jbt.2570030205.
Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, and acrolein, all of which are constituents of tobacco smoke, were reacted in 5 mM concentration with the purified major fraction of normal adult human hemoglobin (hemoglobin Ao) in 1 mM concentration. A cigarette smoke condensate, diluted to contain 5 mM total aldehydes, was also reacted with 1 mM hemoglobin Ao. Cationic exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed that the products formed from simple aliphatic aldehydes, with the exception of formaldehyde, were analogues of those formed from acetaldehyde, earlier shown by us to be imidazolidinone derivatives, that is, cyclic addition products of the N-terminal aminoamide function of alpha and beta chains. Formaldehyde and acrolein produced a heterogeneous mixture of derivatives including cross-linked hemoglobin dimers. The greater proportion of modified hemoglobins produced by condensate aldehydes resembled those formed from acetaldehyde, the most abundant aldehyde in the condensate. A smaller fraction consisted of cross-linked hemoglobin dimers, presumably due to the action of formaldehyde. Mass spectrometric and HPLC analyses of the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones precipitated from the condensate documented the presence of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, furfural, and methylfurfural. The toxicity of aldehydes is briefly discussed in the context of the findings of this study.
甲醛、乙醛、丙醛、丁醛、异丁醛和丙烯醛均为烟草烟雾的成分，它们以5 mM的浓度与浓度为1 mM的纯化正常成人血红蛋白主要组分（血红蛋白Ao）发生反应。一种稀释至总醛含量为5 mM的香烟烟雾冷凝物也与1 mM血红蛋白Ao发生反应。阳离子交换高效液相色谱（HPLC）显示，除甲醛外，简单脂肪醛形成的产物是乙醛形成产物的类似物，我们之前已表明乙醛形成的产物是咪唑烷酮衍生物，即α链和β链N端氨基酰胺功能的环加成产物。甲醛和丙烯醛产生了包括交联血红蛋白二聚体在内的衍生物的异质混合物。冷凝物醛产生的大部分修饰血红蛋白类似于由冷凝物中最丰富的醛乙醛形成的血红蛋白。一小部分由交联血红蛋白二聚体组成，可能是由于甲醛的作用。对从冷凝物中沉淀的2,4-二硝基苯腙进行质谱和HPLC分析，证明存在甲醛、乙醛、丙醛、丁醛、糠醛和甲基糠醛。本文结合本研究结果简要讨论了醛的毒性。
