Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL32306, USA.
Capital Regional Medical Care, Tallahassee, FL32312, USA.
Br J Nutr. 2021 Jan 28;125(2):121-128. doi: 10.1017/S0007114520001506. Epub 2020 May 4.
The purpose of the present study was to compare next-morning responses of RMR and appetite to pre-sleep consumption of casein protein (CP) in pre- and postmenopausal women. The study was a randomised, crossover, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Seven sedentary premenopausal (age: 19·9 (sd 1·2) years; BMI: 23·1 (sd 2·6) kg/m2) and seven sedentary postmenopausal (age: 56·4 (sd 4·9) years; BMI: 26·3 (sd 3·5) kg/m2) women participated. During visit one, anthropometrics and body composition were measured. Following visit one, subjects consumed either CP (25 g) or placebo (PL) ≥2 h after their last meal and ≤30 min prior to sleep on the night before visits two and three. Visits two and three occurred ≥1 week after visit one and were 48 h apart. During visits two and three, RMR (VO2), RER and appetite were measured via indirect calorimetry and visual analogue scale, respectively. Anthropometrics and body composition were analysed by one-way ANOVA. RMR and measures of appetite were analysed using a 2 × 2 (menopause status × CP/PL) repeated-measures ANOVA. Significance was accepted at P ≤ 0·05. RMR was significantly lower in postmenopausal compared with premenopausal women under both conditions (P = 0·003). When consumed pre-sleep CP did not alter RMR, RER or appetite compared with PL when assessed next morning in pre- and postmenopausal women. These data contribute to growing evidence that pre-sleep consumption of protein is not harmful to next-morning metabolism or appetite. In addition, these data demonstrate that menopause may not alter next-morning RMR, RER or appetite after pre-sleep consumption of CP.
本研究的目的是比较绝经前后妇女在睡眠前摄入乳清蛋白（CP）对次日静息代谢率（RMR）和食欲的影响。本研究采用随机、交叉、双盲、安慰剂对照试验。纳入 7 名久坐的绝经前（年龄：19.9（标准差 1.2）岁；BMI：23.1（标准差 2.6）kg/m2）和 7 名久坐的绝经后（年龄：56.4（标准差 4.9）岁；BMI：26.3（标准差 3.5）kg/m2）女性。在第 1 次就诊时，测量人体测量学和身体成分。在第 1 次就诊后，受试者在最后一次用餐后≥2 小时且≤睡眠前 30 分钟内，摄入 CP（25 g）或安慰剂（PL）。在第 2 次和第 3 次就诊前的晚上进行。第 2 次和第 3 次就诊之间至少相隔 1 周，且相隔 48 小时。在第 2 次和第 3 次就诊时，通过间接测热法测量 RMR（VO2）、呼吸商（RER）和食欲，通过视觉模拟量表进行评估。使用单因素方差分析分析人体测量学和身体成分。使用 2×2（绝经状态×CP/PL）重复测量方差分析分析 RMR 和食欲测量值。当 P≤0.05 时，认为差异具有统计学意义。在两种情况下，绝经后女性的 RMR 均显著低于绝经前女性（P=0.003）。当在睡眠前摄入 CP 时，与 PL 相比，它并未改变绝经前和绝经后女性次日早晨的 RMR、RER 或食欲。这些数据有助于增加证据表明，睡眠前摄入蛋白质不会对次日清晨的新陈代谢或食欲产生有害影响。此外，这些数据表明，在睡眠前摄入 CP 后，绝经期可能不会改变次日早晨的 RMR、RER 或食欲。
