Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Institute of Sports Science and Medicine, The Florida State University, 120 Convocation Way, 430 Sandels Building, Tallahassee, FL 32311, USA.
Br J Nutr. 2014 Jan 14;111(1):71-7. doi: 10.1017/S000711451300192X. Epub 2013 Jun 17.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether whey protein (WP), casein protein (CP), carbohydrate (CHO) or a non-energy-containing placebo (PLA) consumed before sleep alters morning appetite and resting energy expenditure (REE) in active men. A total of eleven men (age: 23·6 (sem 1·0) years; body fat: 16·3 (sem 2·5) %) participated in this randomised, double-blind, cross-over study. A single dose of WP (30 g), CP (30 g), CHO (33 g) or PLA was consumed 30 min before sleep, and each trial was separated by 48-72 h. The next morning (05.00-08.00 hours), measurements of satiety, hunger and desire to eat and REE were taken. After a 30 min equilibration period, REE in the supine position was measured for 60 min. An analysis of 10 min mean intervals over the final 50 min of the measurement period was conducted. Statistical analyses were conducted using repeated-measures ANOVA for metabolic variables, and a one-way ANOVA was used for measuring changes in appetite markers. Group differences were examined by Tukey's post hoc analysis. There were no significant differences in appetite measures among the groups. There was a main group effect for REE. The predicted REE was significantly greater after consumption of the WP (8151 (sem 67) kJ/d), CP (8126 (sem 67) kJ/d) and CHO (7988 (sem 67) kJ/d) than after that of the PLA (7716 (sem 67) kJ/d, P <0·0001). There were no significant differences between the WP and CP groups in any metabolic measurements. Night-time consumption of WP, CP or CHO, in the hours close to sleep, elicits favourable effects on the next-morning metabolism when compared with that of a PLA in active young men.
本研究旨在探讨睡前摄入乳清蛋白（WP）、酪蛋白（CP）、碳水化合物（CHO）还是无能量安慰剂（PLA）是否会改变活跃男性的晨食欲和静息能量消耗（REE）。共有 11 名男性（年龄：23.6（sem 1.0）岁；体脂：16.3（sem 2.5）%）参与了这项随机、双盲、交叉研究。在睡前 30 分钟内，受试者分别摄入了 WP（30 g）、CP（30 g）、CHO（33 g）或 PLA（33 g）单一剂量，每次试验间隔 48-72 小时。第二天早上（05:00-08:00 小时），测量饱腹感、饥饿感、食欲和 REE。经过 30 分钟的平衡期后，受试者在仰卧位测量 60 分钟的 REE。在测量期的最后 50 分钟内，对 10 分钟平均间隔进行分析。使用重复测量方差分析代谢变量，使用单向方差分析测量食欲标志物的变化。通过 Tukey 事后分析检查组间差异。各组间的食欲测量值无显著差异。REE 存在主要的组间效应。与 PLA（7716（sem 67）kJ/d，P<0.0001）相比，WP（8151（sem 67）kJ/d）、CP（8126（sem 67）kJ/d）和 CHO（7988（sem 67）kJ/d）摄入后，预测 REE 显著增加。WP 和 CP 组之间在任何代谢测量方面均无显著差异。在接近睡眠时间的夜间，摄入 WP、CP 或 CHO 对活跃年轻男性的次日清晨代谢有有益影响，而 PLA 则没有。
