Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751023, India.
District Headquarter Hospital, Koraput, Odisha 764020, India.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Apr 29;17(9):3094. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093094.
The prevalence and outbreaks of anthrax are interlinked with the animal-environment-human context, which signifies the need for collaborative, trans-disciplinary and multi-sectoral approaches for the prevention and control of anthrax. In India, there are hardly any shreds of evidence on the role of various stakeholders' on anthrax prevention and control. Therefore, this study addressed the experiences of various stakeholders on anthrax prevention and control strategies in Odisha, India. A qualitative explorative study was carried out using 42 in-depth-interviews among the stakeholders from health, veterinary and general administrative departments from the block, district, and state level. Two major themes emerged: (1) Epidemiological investigation of anthrax in Odisha, India, and (2) Biological and social prevention strategies for anthrax in Odisha, India. The study emphasizes setting up the surveillance system as per standard guideline, and strengthening the diagnostic facility at a regional medical college laboratory to avoid delay. Moreover, it emphasizes step-up inter-sectoral co-ordination, collaboration and sensitization among health, veterinary, forestry, education, nutrition and tribal welfare departments at all levels in order to reduce the prevalence and control the outbreaks of anthrax in Odisha state. It also recommends raising community literacy, in particular on safe carcass disposal, changing behavior on dead-livestock consumption, and compliance with livestock vaccinations.
炭疽的流行和爆发与动物-环境-人类的背景有关，这意味着需要采取协作、跨学科和多部门的方法来预防和控制炭疽。在印度，几乎没有任何证据表明各利益攸关方在炭疽预防和控制方面的作用。因此，本研究探讨了印度奥里萨邦各利益攸关方在炭疽预防和控制策略方面的经验。使用来自卫生、兽医和一般行政部门的 42 名利益攸关方的 42 次深入访谈，进行了一项定性探索性研究。出现了两个主要主题：（1）印度奥里萨邦炭疽的流行病学调查，以及（2）印度奥里萨邦炭疽的生物和社会预防策略。该研究强调按照标准指南建立监测系统，并加强地区医学院实验室的诊断设施，以避免延误。此外，它强调在各级卫生、兽医、林业、教育、营养和部落福利部门加强部门间的协调、合作和宣传，以减少奥里萨邦炭疽的流行和控制炭疽的爆发。它还建议提高社区的文化素养，特别是关于安全处理尸体、改变对死畜消费的行为以及遵守牲畜接种疫苗的行为。
