Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou 325006, China.
Genes (Basel). 2020 Apr 29;11(5):487. doi: 10.3390/genes11050487.
As a broad-spectrum disease resistance factor, is involved in a variety of biotic and abiotic stress responses in plants. To figure out the structural features, phylogenetic relationships, and expression patterns of genes, we investigated the genome and transcriptome sequencing data of 28 plant species using bioinformatics tools. A total of 197 genes were identified. They possessed 5-7 transmembrane domains, but only partially contained a calmodulin-binding domain. A total of 359 polymorphic sites and 142 haplotypes were found in 143 sequences, indicating the rich nucleotide diversity of genes. The genes were unevenly distributed on chromosomes or scaffolds and were mainly located at the ends, forming clusters (24.1% genes), tandem duplicates (5.7%), and segment duplicates (36.2%). The genes could be classified into three groups by phylogenetic analysis. The angiosperm genes were mainly in subgroup IA, genes were in subgroup IA and IIIB, genes were in subgroup IB and IIIA, and almost all algae genes were in group II. About half of the genes had homologs within and across species. The Ka/Ks values were all less than 1, varying 0.01-0.78, suggesting that purifying selection had occurred in gene evolution. In tomato, RNA-seq data indicated that genes were highly expressed in roots, followed by flowers, buds, and leaves, and also regulated by different biotic stresses. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that genes could respond to tomato bacterial wilt, with , , and probably involved in the susceptibility response, whereas and being the opposite. These results lay a foundation for the isolation and application of related genes in plant disease resistance breeding.
作为一种广谱抗病因子，参与了植物的多种生物和非生物胁迫反应。为了阐明基因的结构特征、系统发育关系和表达模式，我们使用生物信息学工具对 28 种植物的基因组和转录组测序数据进行了研究。共鉴定出 197 个基因。它们具有 5-7 个跨膜结构域，但仅部分含有钙调素结合结构域。在 143 个序列中发现了 359 个多态性位点和 142 个单倍型，表明基因具有丰富的核苷酸多样性。基因在染色体或支架上不均匀分布，主要位于末端，形成簇（24.1%的基因）、串联重复（5.7%）和片段重复（36.2%）。通过系统发育分析，将基因分为三组。被子植物基因主要在亚组 IA 中，蕨类植物和裸子植物基因在亚组 IA 和 IIIB 中，藻类基因在亚组 IB 和 IIIA 中，几乎所有藻类基因都在组 II 中。约一半的基因在种内和种间具有同源基因。Ka/Ks 值均小于 1，范围为 0.01-0.78，表明基因进化过程中发生了纯化选择。在番茄中，RNA-seq 数据表明基因在根部高度表达，其次是花、芽和叶，并且还受到不同生物胁迫的调节。qRT-PCR 分析表明，基因可以响应番茄细菌性萎蔫病，其中、、和可能参与感病反应，而和则相反。这些结果为相关基因在植物抗病性育种中的分离和应用奠定了基础。
