School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada.
Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Apr 29;17(9):3110. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093110.
This study examined the association between energy drink consumption and substance use among adolescents and tested whether sex and/or grade level (i.e., middle vs. high school) moderate the association. Data were derived from the 2017 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey, a representative survey of students in 7th to 12th grade. Analyses included 10,662 students who self-reported information on energy drink consumption and substance use. Poisson regression models were used with adjustments for important covariates. Energy drink consumption was associated with tobacco cigarette smoking (incidence rate ratio (IRR): 3.74; 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.22-4.35), cannabis use (IRR: 2.90; 95% CI: 2.53-3.32), binge drinking (IRR: 2.46; 95% CI: 2.05-2.96), opioid use (IRR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.85-2.68), and alcohol use (IRR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.26-1.36). The associations of energy drink consumption with tobacco cigarette smoking, cannabis use, and alcohol consumption were modified by grade level (two-way interaction terms < 0.05). The association between energy drink consumption and substance use was generally much stronger among middle school students compared with high school students. The findings suggest that middle school students may be more vulnerable to the negative effects of energy drinks in relation with substance use.
本研究调查了青少年能量饮料消费与物质使用之间的关联，并检验了性别和/或年级（即初中与高中）是否调节这种关联。数据来自 2017 年安大略省学生毒品使用和健康调查，这是一项对 7 至 12 年级学生的代表性调查。分析包括了 10662 名自我报告能量饮料消费和物质使用信息的学生。使用泊松回归模型进行分析，并对重要协变量进行调整。能量饮料消费与吸烟（发病率比（IRR）：3.74；95%置信区间（CI）：3.22-4.35）、大麻使用（IRR：2.90；95% CI：2.53-3.32）、狂饮（IRR：2.46；95% CI：2.05-2.96）、阿片类药物使用（IRR：2.23；95% CI：1.85-2.68）和酒精使用（IRR：1.31；95% CI：1.26-1.36）相关。能量饮料消费与吸烟、大麻使用和酒精使用的关联受到年级水平的调节（双向交互项<0.05）。与高中生相比，初中生中能量饮料消费与物质使用之间的关联要强得多。这些发现表明，与高中学生相比，中学学生可能更容易受到能量饮料与物质使用相关的负面影响。
