Schweiger Oliver, Musche Martin, Bailey Debra, Billeter Regula, Diekötter Tim, Hendrickx Frederik, Herzog Felix, Liira Jaan, Maelfait Jean-Pierre, Speelmans Marjan, Dziock Frank
Oikos. 2007 Mar;116(3):461-472. doi: 10.1111/j.2007.0030-1299.15372.x. Epub 2006 Dec 13.
Environmental change is not likely to act on biodiversity in a random manner, but rather according to species traits that affect assembly processes, thus, having potentially serious consequences on ecological functions. We investigated the effects of anthropogenic land use on functional richness of local hoverfly communities of 24 agricultural landscapes across temperate Europe. A multivariate ordination separated seven functional groups based on resource use, niche characteristics and response type. Intensive land use reduced functional richness, but each functional group responded in a unique way. Species richness of generalist groups was nearly unaffected. Local habitat quality mainly affected specialist groups, while land use affected intermediate groups of rather common species. We infer that high species richness within functional groups alone is no guarantee for maintaining functional richness. Thus, it is not species richness per se that improves insurance of functional diversity against environmental pressures but the degree of dissimilarity within each functional group.
环境变化不太可能以随机方式作用于生物多样性，而是会根据影响群落构建过程的物种特征来发挥作用，因此，可能会对生态功能产生严重后果。我们调查了人为土地利用对欧洲温带地区24个农业景观中当地食蚜蝇群落功能丰富度的影响。基于资源利用、生态位特征和响应类型，多元排序将七个功能组区分开来。集约型土地利用降低了功能丰富度，但每个功能组的反应方式各不相同。广适性类群的物种丰富度几乎未受影响。当地栖息地质量主要影响专性类群，而土地利用则影响较为常见物种的中间类群。我们推断，仅功能组内的高物种丰富度并不能保证维持功能丰富度。因此，提高功能多样性对环境压力的缓冲能力的并非物种丰富度本身，而是每个功能组内的差异程度。
