Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Segal Cancer Centre, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Rossy Cancer Network, McGill University, Montreal, QC.
Department of Oncology, Lady Davis Institute, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC.
Curr Oncol. 2020 Apr;27(Suppl 2):S87-S97. doi: 10.3747/co.27.5223. Epub 2020 Apr 1.
Compared with previous standards of care (including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery), cancer immunotherapy has brought significant improvements for patients in terms of survival and quality of life. Immunotherapy has now firmly established itself as a novel pillar of cancer care, from the metastatic stage to the adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings in numerous cancer types. In this review article, we highlight how the history of cancer immunotherapy paved the way for discoveries that are now part of the standard of care. We also highlight the current pitfalls and limitations of cancer checkpoint immunotherapy and how novel research in the fields of personalized cancer vaccines, autoimmunity, the microbiome, the tumour microenvironment, and metabolomics is aiming to solve those challenges.
与既往的治疗标准（包括化疗、放疗和手术）相比，癌症免疫疗法在患者的生存和生活质量方面带来了显著改善。免疫疗法现在已经牢固确立为癌症治疗的一种新支柱，从转移性阶段到多种癌症类型的辅助和新辅助治疗环境。在这篇综述文章中，我们强调了癌症免疫疗法的历史如何为现在成为治疗标准的发现铺平了道路。我们还强调了癌症检查点免疫疗法的当前缺陷和局限性，以及个性化癌症疫苗、自身免疫、微生物组、肿瘤微环境和代谢组学等领域的新研究如何旨在解决这些挑战。
