Collins J J, Schlenger W E
Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709.
J Stud Alcohol. 1988 Nov;49(6):516-21. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1988.49.516.
While the empirical association of drinking and problem drinking to violence is well established, the etiological nature of the relationship is poorly understood. Using data collected from 1,149 convicted male felons, the acute (drinking just before the violent event) and chronic (a psychiatric diagnosis of alcohol abuse or dependence) effects of alcohol use on violence were analyzed. Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship of acute and chronic alcohol effects to incarceration for a violent offense and arrest for a violent offense, with demographic and criminal history factors controlled. The acute effects of alcohol were found to be significantly associated with incarceration for a violent offense, but the net explanatory capacity of acute alcohol effects was not large. Chronic alcohol effects were not significantly associated with incarceration for a violent offense or arrest for a violent offense in the previous year. The findings were interpreted as being consistent with the hypothesis that alcohol effects violence directly, acting through the acute effects of use, rather than indirectly through the effects of underlying or mediating factors.
虽然饮酒及问题饮酒与暴力行为之间的经验性关联已得到充分证实，但二者关系的病因学本质却鲜为人知。利用从1149名被定罪的男性重罪犯那里收集的数据，分析了饮酒对暴力行为的急性（在暴力事件发生前不久饮酒）和慢性（酒精滥用或依赖的精神病学诊断）影响。使用逻辑回归模型来检验急性和慢性酒精影响与因暴力犯罪而被监禁以及因暴力犯罪而被捕之间的关系，并对人口统计学和犯罪史因素进行了控制。研究发现，酒精的急性影响与因暴力犯罪而被监禁显著相关，但急性酒精影响的净解释能力不大。慢性酒精影响与前一年因暴力犯罪而被监禁或因暴力犯罪而被捕没有显著关联。这些研究结果被解释为与以下假设一致：酒精直接影响暴力行为，通过饮酒的急性影响起作用，而不是通过潜在或中介因素的影响间接起作用。
