De Bernardi Arianna, Casucci Cristiano, Businelli Daniela, D'Amato Roberto, Beone Gian Maria, Fontanella Maria Chiara, Vischetti Costantino
Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2020 May 2;9(5):580. doi: 10.3390/plants9050580.
The phytoremediation potential of four crop species cultivated on carbonation lime coming from the sugar industry with water-soluble nickel (Ni) exceeding the Italian legal limit of 10 µg L was assessed. Two autumn-winter species (spinach and canola) were tested with and without the addition of bentonite in a greenhouse experiment in order to overcome prolonged unfavourable weather conditions. Two spring-summer species (sunflower and sorghum) were grown in outdoor boxes. Plant species were selected among crops of interest for phytoremediation and their rotation throughout the year enable to maintain a permanent vegetation cover. Nickel concentration in different plant tissues and the concentrations of soluble and bioavailable Ni in lime were measured. In the greenhouse study, soluble Ni decreased below the legal limit in all the tests, and the combined effect of bentonite and plants reduced Ni in lime mainly in the bioavailable fraction. Spinach and sunflower emerged to be more suitable for phytoextraction than canola and sorghum, because of the higher concentration of the metal in the epigeal portions. The results from the outdoor experiment highlighted that sorghum has a good phytostabilisation potential since its ability to accumulate Ni mainly at the root level and to attract a significant amount of bioavailable Ni in the rhizosphere. This study arose from a real scenario of environmental contamination and investigated the potential of different approaches on the bioremediation of a specific industrial waste product.
评估了在来自制糖业的碳化石灰上种植的四种作物对水溶性镍（Ni）的植物修复潜力，该碳化石灰中的镍含量超过了意大利10 µg/L的法定限值。在温室试验中，对两种秋冬作物（菠菜和油菜）添加和不添加膨润土进行了测试，以克服长期不利的天气条件。两种春夏作物（向日葵和高粱）种植在户外箱中。植物种类从有植物修复潜力的作物中挑选，并且全年轮作能够保持永久植被覆盖。测量了不同植物组织中的镍浓度以及石灰中可溶性和生物可利用镍的浓度。在温室研究中，所有测试中可溶性镍均降至法定限值以下，膨润土和植物的联合作用主要降低了石灰中生物可利用部分的镍含量。菠菜和向日葵比油菜和高粱更适合植物提取，因为地上部分的金属浓度更高。户外实验结果表明，高粱具有良好的植物稳定潜力，因为它能够将镍主要积累在根部，并在根际吸引大量生物可利用镍。本研究源于一个环境污染的实际案例，调查了不同方法对特定工业废品进行生物修复的潜力。
