Berman Chad F, Lobetti Remo G, Lindquist Eric
Bryanston Veterinary Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa; and, Department of Companion Animal and Clinical Studies, Onderstepoort.
J S Afr Vet Assoc. 2020 Apr 21;91(0):e1-e10. doi: 10.4102/jsava.v91i0.2022.
Pancreatitis is a common clinical condition seen in companion animals. The correlation of the region of the pancreas affected to the presentation of clinical signs has not been previously described. A retrospective study on the clinical findings in 293 client-owned dogs diagnosed with suspect pancreatitis based on history, clinical signs, laboratory testing and abdominal ultrasonography was performed. Based on ultrasonography, dogs were divided into three groups: group 1: 41 dogs with ultrasonographic changes consistent with pancreatitis within the left lobe of the pancreas; group 2: 105 dogs with ultrasonographic changes compatible with pancreatitis within the right lobe of the pancreas; and group 3: 147 dogs with ultrasonographic evidence of diffuse pancreatitis. No significant differences regarding age, breed and sex were evident. Furthermore, statistical significance was demonstrated with the presence of pain in group 3; poor appetite in groups 2 and 3; and vomiting and diarrhoea in group 3. Pain is expected to occur with a higher frequency in diffuse pancreatitis, but it is not a common clinical sign. This may represent a more severe form of the disease when the pancreas is diffusely affected. Vomiting was more common than diarrhoea with both clinical signs more prevalent in dogs with diffuse pancreatitis, and this could be ascribed to gastric and intestinal tract involvement. Poor appetite occurred more frequently in dogs with diffuse and right lobe pancreatitis. A possible explanation can be attributed to the fact that the duodenum has many receptors and is referred to as the 'organ of nausea'.
胰腺炎是伴侣动物中常见的临床病症。此前尚未描述过胰腺受影响区域与临床症状表现之间的相关性。对293只根据病史、临床症状、实验室检查和腹部超声诊断为疑似胰腺炎的宠物狗的临床检查结果进行了一项回顾性研究。根据超声检查结果，将这些狗分为三组：第1组：41只胰腺左叶有与胰腺炎相符的超声改变的狗；第2组：105只胰腺右叶有与胰腺炎相符的超声改变的狗；第3组：147只具有弥漫性胰腺炎超声证据的狗。在年龄、品种和性别方面没有明显差异。此外，第3组存在疼痛、第2组和第3组食欲不佳、第3组出现呕吐和腹泻，差异具有统计学意义。预计弥漫性胰腺炎时疼痛出现的频率会更高，但它并非常见的临床症状。当胰腺受到弥漫性影响时，这可能代表疾病的一种更严重形式。呕吐比腹泻更常见，这两种临床症状在患有弥漫性胰腺炎的狗中更为普遍，这可能归因于胃肠道受累。弥漫性和右叶胰腺炎的狗食欲不佳更为常见。一个可能的解释是十二指肠有许多受体，被称为“恶心器官”。
