Wetzel Eunike, Lang Felix J, Back Mitja D, Vecchione Michele, Rogoza Radoslaw, Roberts Brent W
University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Assessment. 2021 Jan;28(1):29-43. doi: 10.1177/1073191120907967. Epub 2020 May 5.
With a recent surge of research on narcissism, narcissism questionnaires are increasingly being translated and applied in various countries. The measurement invariance of an instrument across countries is a precondition for being able to compare scores across countries. We investigated the cross-cultural measurement invariance of three narcissism questionnaires (Brief Pathological Narcissism Inventory [B-PNI], Narcissistic Personality Inventory [NPI], and Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire [NARQ]) and mean-level differences across samples from the United States ( = 2,464), the United Kingdom ( = 307), and Germany ( = 925). Overall, the B-PNI and NARQ functioned equivalently for the U.S. and U.K. participants. More violations of measurement invariance were found between Germany and the combined U.S. and U.K. samples, and for the NPI. In the B-PNI and NARQ, Americans scored higher than individuals from the United Kingdom regarding agentic aspects (self-sacrificing self-enhancement, admiration), while Germans scored lower than both Americans and U.K. individuals regarding antagonistic (entitlement rage, rivalry) and neurotic (hiding the self, contingent self-esteem) aspects. More inconsistent results were found for NPI facets. When noninvariance was present, observed means yielded biased results. Thus, the degree of measurement invariance across translated instrument versions should be considered in cross-cultural comparisons, even with culturally similar countries.
随着近期对自恋研究的激增，自恋问卷在各国越来越多地被翻译和应用。一种工具在不同国家的测量不变性是能够在各国之间比较分数的前提条件。我们调查了三份自恋问卷（简短病理性自恋量表 [B-PNI]、自恋人格量表 [NPI] 和自恋钦佩与竞争问卷 [NARQ]）的跨文化测量不变性，以及来自美国（n = 2464）、英国（n = 307）和德国（n = 925）的样本之间的均值水平差异。总体而言，B-PNI 和 NARQ 在美国和英国参与者中功能等效。在德国与美国和英国的合并样本之间以及 NPI 方面发现了更多测量不变性的违反情况。在 B-PNI 和 NARQ 中，美国人在能动性方面（自我牺牲式自我提升、钦佩）的得分高于英国人，而德国人在敌对性（权利愤怒、竞争）和神经质方面（隐藏自我、条件自尊）的得分低于美国人和英国人。NPI 子量表的结果更不一致。当存在非不变性时，观察到的均值会产生有偏差的结果。因此，即使是在文化相似的国家进行跨文化比较时，也应考虑翻译后的工具版本之间的测量不变性程度。
