Amsterdam Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Amsterdam Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2020 Jul 1;212:107984. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107984. Epub 2020 Apr 25.
Therapeutic interventions to promote abstinence and prevent relapse in alcohol use disorder (AUD) are limitedly available. Therefore, targeting risk factors in the onset and maintenance of AUD could pose an interesting alternative treatment strategy. In this regard, over the last decade trait impulsivity has received considerable attention as such a risk factor predisposing substance dependence both in clinical populations and preclinical rodent studies. This study investigated whether different forms of impulsivity (action versus choice) predict distinct stages of instrumental alcohol self-administration, extinction and cue-induced relapse.
Two cohorts of n = 48 rats each were trained in an operant tasks for either impulsive action or impulsive choice. Subsequently, high and low impulsive rats were then tested in an alcohol self-administration and relapse model and following this retested in the impulsivity tasks to evaluate possible changes in impulsivity levels.
The current data show that neither impulsive action, nor impulsive choice predict the extent to which rats consume alcohol and the extent to which rats are motivated to self-administer alcohol. Moreover, extinction of responding for alcohol and cue-induced relapse was not predicted by impulsivity. Interestingly, rats and most prominently low impulsive rats became more impulsive after the alcohol self-administration procedure. Although due to employed experimental design it is not clear whether this resulted from alcohol consumption or alcohol abstinence.
Together, these findings lend further support for the notion of a unidirectional relationship between self-administration of the depressant drug alcohol and impulsivity.
促进戒酒和预防酒精使用障碍（AUD）复发的治疗干预措施有限。因此，针对 AUD 发病和维持的风险因素可能是一种有趣的替代治疗策略。在这方面，在过去的十年中，特质冲动性作为一种风险因素，在临床人群和临床前啮齿动物研究中都对物质依赖有很大的影响。本研究调查了不同形式的冲动性（行动与选择）是否预测了工具性酒精自我给药、消退和线索诱导复发的不同阶段。
两个队列的 n = 48 只大鼠分别在操作性任务中接受冲动性行动或冲动性选择的训练。随后，高冲动性和低冲动性大鼠随后在酒精自我给药和复发模型中进行测试，然后在冲动性任务中进行重新测试，以评估冲动性水平的可能变化。
目前的数据表明，冲动性行动或冲动性选择都不能预测大鼠饮酒的程度和大鼠自我给药的动机程度。此外，冲动性对酒精的反应消退和线索诱导的复发也没有预测。有趣的是，大鼠，尤其是低冲动性大鼠，在酒精自我给药程序后变得更加冲动。尽管由于采用的实验设计尚不清楚这是由于酒精摄入还是酒精戒断所致。
总之，这些发现进一步支持了抑郁药物酒精自我给药和冲动性之间存在单向关系的观点。
