Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Aquat Toxicol. 2020 Jun;223:105495. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105495. Epub 2020 Apr 24.
Platinum-based antineoplastic drugs (PBADs) enter the environment via hospital and municipal wastes as reactive and highly toxic molecules. Chlorella vulgaris is a freshwater microalgae and is used as an excellent aquatic model for toxicity assessment. In the present study, the toxicity of PBADs to C. vulgaris was investigated for better understanding of PBADs environmental toxicity. The algae were cultured in Bold´s Basal Medium (BBM) and exposed to different concentrations of PBADs for 48, 72 and 96 h. Then, cell proliferation, the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments, protein content, malondialdehyde (MDA) release and antioxidant potential were determined. IC s of cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin for 96 h of exposure were 106.2, 124.3 and 153.9 mg/L respectively. Cell proliferation, synthesis of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and algal protein content significantly decreased in a time and dose-dependent manner. The release of MDA to culture media significantly increased and antioxidant potential decreased. Cisplatin showed more toxic effects on C. vulgaris compared to carboplatin and oxaliplatin indicating its severe toxicity for marine organisms. PBADs induce their toxic effects in algal cells via the interaction with DNA, production of free radicals (such as reactive oxygen species), lipid peroxidation and cell wall damages. Due to these toxic effects of PBADs for various environmental organisms, there must be severe restriction on their release into the environment.
铂类抗肿瘤药物（PBADs）作为反应性和高毒性分子，通过医院和城市废物进入环境。小球藻是一种淡水微藻，被用作毒性评估的优秀水生模型。在本研究中，研究了 PBADs 对小球藻的毒性，以更好地了解 PBADs 的环境毒性。藻类在 Bold's Basal Medium (BBM) 中培养，并在不同浓度的 PBADs 下暴露 48、72 和 96 小时。然后，测定细胞增殖、光合色素合成、蛋白质含量、丙二醛（MDA）释放和抗氧化潜力。暴露 96 小时时，顺铂、卡铂和奥沙利铂的 IC s 分别为 106.2、124.3 和 153.9 mg/L。细胞增殖、叶绿素 a、叶绿素 b 和藻类蛋白质含量的合成均呈时间和剂量依赖性显著降低。MDA 向培养基中的释放显著增加，抗氧化潜力降低。与卡铂和奥沙利铂相比，顺铂对小球藻表现出更强的毒性作用，表明其对海洋生物具有严重的毒性。PBADs 通过与 DNA 相互作用、自由基（如活性氧）的产生、脂质过氧化和细胞壁损伤，在藻类细胞中诱导其毒性作用。由于 PBADs 对各种环境生物具有毒性作用，必须对其向环境中的释放进行严格限制。
