Department of Botany, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
Africa Centre of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2021 Jul;85:103635. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103635. Epub 2021 Mar 11.
Lumefantrine is used to treat uncomplicated malaria caused by pure or mixed Plasmodium falciparum infections and as a prophylactic against recrudescence following artemether therapy. However, the pharmaceutical is released into the aquatic environment from industrial effluents, hospital discharges, and human excretion. This study assessed the effects of lumefantrine on the growth and physiological responses of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and Raphidocelis subcapitata (formerly known as Selenastrum capricornutum and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) and the aquatic macrophyte Lemna minor. The microalgae and macrophyte were exposed to 200-10000 μg l and 16-10000 μg l lumefantrine, respectively. Lumefantrine had a variable effect on the growth of the aquatic plants investigated. There was a decline in the growth of R. subcapitata and L. minor post-exposure to the drug. Contrarily, there was stimulation in the growth of Chlorella vulgaris. All experimental plants had a significant increase in lipid peroxidation, which was accompanied by an increase in malondialdehyde content. Peroxidase activity of L. minor increased only at low lumefantrine concentrations, while the opposite occurred at higher levels of the drug. Incubation in lumefantrine contaminated medium significantly up-regulated the activity of R. subcapitata cultures. Glutathione S-transferase of L. minor exposed to lumefantrine treatments had substantially higher activities than the controls. Our findings suggest lumefantrine could have adverse but variable effects on the growth and physiology of the studied aquatic plants.
盐酸阿莫地喹用于治疗由单纯或混合感染疟原虫引起的无并发症疟疾，并作为青蒿琥酯治疗后复发的预防药物。然而，这种药物会从工业废水、医院排放物和人类排泄物中释放到水生环境中。本研究评估了盐酸阿莫地喹对小球藻（Chlorella vulgaris）和亚心形扁藻（Raphidocelis subcapitata）（以前称为角毛藻和拟菱形藻）这两种微藻以及水生大型植物浮萍（Lemna minor）的生长和生理反应的影响。微藻和大型植物分别暴露于 200-10000μg l 和 16-10000μg l 的盐酸阿莫地喹中。盐酸阿莫地喹对所研究的水生植物的生长有不同的影响。暴露于该药物后，亚心形扁藻和浮萍的生长下降。相反，小球藻的生长受到刺激。所有实验植物的脂质过氧化均显著增加，伴随着丙二醛含量的增加。浮萍的过氧化物酶活性仅在低浓度的盐酸阿莫地喹下增加，而在较高水平的药物下则相反。在含有盐酸阿莫地喹的污染培养基中孵育会显著上调亚心形扁藻培养物的活性。暴露于盐酸阿莫地喹处理的浮萍的谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶的活性比对照组高得多。我们的研究结果表明，盐酸阿莫地喹可能对研究的水生植物的生长和生理产生不利但不同的影响。
