Fonseca Maísa Santos, Bahiense Thiago Campanharo, Silva Aretha Alves Borges, Onofrio Valeria Castilho, Barral Thiago Doria, Souza Barbara Maria Paraná, Lira-da-Silva Rejane Maria, Biondi Ilka, Meyer Roberto, Portela Ricardo Wagner
Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
Laboratório de Parasitologia Veterinária, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
Front Vet Sci. 2020 Apr 8;7:177. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00177. eCollection 2020.
The Ixodidae family comprises ticks that are hematophagous ectoparasites and are considered vectors of several hemoparasites from the Anaplasmataceae family and the genus , and . These ectoparasites parasitize domestic and wild animals belonging to several vertebrate groups. Ticks are highly adapted to different biomes and thus possess a wide geographical distribution. In the Brazilian state of Bahia, localized in the Northeast region, there are large rainforest fragments. Studies have rarely been carried out on ticks, and their hemoparasites, that parasitize wild animals in this region. Thus, this study aimed to identify the tick species parasitizing wild animals rescued in rainforest fragments of Bahia and investigate the presence of hemoparasites in tick tissues. During a 2-year period, 238 ticks were collected from 41 wild mammalians, reptiles, and amphibians. These ectoparasites were taxonomically classified according to their morphological characteristics. The ticks identified belonged to five different species from the Ixodidae family: , and . For the first time, an parasitizing the turtle was described. PCR assays using DNA extracted from salivary glands or midgut of the ticks were performed to detect specific DNA fragments of hemoparasites from the genus , and from the Anaplasmataceae family. The results showed positive detection of the genus (7.9%), Anaplasmataceae family (15.8%), and genus (15.8%). Specific DNA from the and genera were not detected in these samples. Specific DNA from members of the Anaplasmataceae family was detected in for the first time. The present work showed that amphibians, reptiles, and mammals from Bahia's Atlantic Forest areparasitized by different tick species, and that these ectoparasites present pathogens in their tissues that impact both humans and animals due to their zoonotic potential.
硬蜱科包括吸血性体外寄生虫，被认为是无形体科和某些属的几种血液寄生虫的传播媒介。这些体外寄生虫寄生于属于几个脊椎动物类群的家畜和野生动物。蜱对不同的生物群落具有高度适应性，因此地理分布广泛。在位于东北部地区的巴西巴伊亚州，有大片雨林碎片。关于寄生于该地区野生动物的蜱及其血液寄生虫的研究很少。因此，本研究旨在鉴定寄生于巴伊亚雨林碎片中获救野生动物的蜱种，并调查蜱组织中血液寄生虫的存在情况。在两年时间里，从41只野生哺乳动物、爬行动物和两栖动物身上采集了238只蜱。根据其形态特征对这些体外寄生虫进行了分类学鉴定。鉴定出的蜱属于硬蜱科的五个不同物种：[具体物种名1]、[具体物种名2]、[具体物种名3]、[具体物种名4]和[具体物种名5]。首次描述了一种寄生于[具体龟种]的蜱。使用从蜱的唾液腺或中肠提取的DNA进行PCR检测，以检测无形体属、[具体属名1]属和无形体科血液寄生虫的特定DNA片段。结果显示，无形体属（7.9%）、无形体科（15.8%）和[具体属名1]属（15.8%）检测呈阳性。在这些样本中未检测到[具体属名2]属和[具体属名3]属的特定DNA。首次在[具体蜱种]中检测到无形体科成员的特定DNA。目前的研究表明，巴伊亚大西洋森林中的两栖动物、爬行动物和哺乳动物受到不同蜱种的寄生，并且这些体外寄生虫在其组织中存在病原体，由于其人畜共患病潜力，对人类和动物都有影响。
