INSERM-UPS UMR U1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, BP 84225, 31 432 Toulouse cedex 04, France.
INSERM U1083 CNRS UMR 6015, CHU, MITOVASC Institute and CARFI Facility, Université d'Angers, 49933 ANGERS Cedex 09, France.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 May 4;21(9):3244. doi: 10.3390/ijms21093244.
The lower incidence of cardiovascular diseases in pre-menopausal women compared to men is well-known documented. This protection has been largely attributed to the protective effect of estrogens, which exert many beneficial effects against arterial diseases, including vasodilatation, acceleration of healing in response to arterial injury, arterial collateral growth and atheroprotection. More recently, with the visualization of the lymphatic vessels, the impact of estrogens on lymphedema and lymphatic diseases started to be elucidated. These estrogenic effects are mediated not only by the classic nuclear/genomic actions via the specific estrogen receptor (ER) α and β, but also by rapid extra-nuclear membrane-initiated steroid signaling (MISS). The ERs are expressed by endothelial, lymphatic and smooth muscle cells in the different vessels. In this review, we will summarize the complex vascular effects of estrogens and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) that have been described using different transgenic mouse models with selective loss of ERα function and numerous animal models of vascular and lymphatic diseases.
众所周知，与男性相比，绝经前女性患心血管疾病的发病率较低。这种保护作用在很大程度上归因于雌激素的保护作用，雌激素对动脉疾病有许多有益的影响，包括血管舒张、动脉损伤后愈合加速、动脉侧支生长和抗动脉粥样硬化作用。最近，随着淋巴管可视化，雌激素对淋巴水肿和淋巴疾病的影响开始被阐明。这些雌激素作用不仅通过经典的核/基因组作用通过特定的雌激素受体（ER）α和β介导，还通过快速的核外膜起始类固醇信号转导（MISS）介导。ER 在不同的血管内皮细胞、淋巴管和平滑肌细胞中表达。在这篇综述中，我们将总结使用不同的选择性雌激素受体α功能缺失转基因小鼠模型和多种血管和淋巴疾病动物模型描述的雌激素和选择性雌激素受体调节剂（SERMs）的复杂血管作用。
