Magan Jonathan B, O'Callaghan Tom F, Zheng Jiamin, Zhang Lun, Mandal Rupasri, Hennessy Deirdre, Fenelon Mark A, Wishart David S, Kelly Alan L, McCarthy Noel A
Food Chemistry & Technology Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland.
School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland.
Foods. 2020 May 4;9(5):578. doi: 10.3390/foods9050578.
The influence of diet on the water-soluble vitamin composition of skim milk powder and whey protein ingredients produced from the milk of cows fed pasture or concentrate-based diets was examined. Fifty-one Holstein-Friesian cows were randomly assigned into three diets (=17) consisting of outdoor grazing of perennial ryegrass (GRS), perennial ryegrass/white clover (CLV), or indoor feeding of total mixed ration (TMR) for an entire lactation. Raw mid-lactation milk from each group was processed into skim milk powder and further processed to yield micellar casein whey and acid whey. Sweet whey was also produced by renneting of pasteurised whole milk from each system. The water-soluble vitamin profile of each sample was analysed using a combination of direct injection mass spectrometry and reverse-phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Vitamin B3 and B3-amide concentrations were significantly higher ( < 0.05) in TMR-derived samples than in those from CLV and GRS, respectively. Vitamin B1, B2, and B7 concentrations were significantly higher in GRS and CLV-derived samples than those from TMR. Significant differences in vitamins B1, B2, and B3-amide were also observed between protein ingredient types. This study indicates that bovine feeding systems have a significant effect on B vitamin composition across a range of protein ingredient types.
研究了日粮对以牧草或精料为基础日粮饲养的奶牛所产脱脂奶粉和乳清蛋白成分中水溶性维生素组成的影响。51头荷斯坦-弗里生奶牛被随机分为三种日粮组（每组17头），分别为全年泌乳期户外放牧多年生黑麦草（GRS）、多年生黑麦草/白三叶草（CLV）或室内全混合日粮（TMR）饲养。将每组泌乳中期的生鲜乳加工成脱脂奶粉，并进一步加工得到胶束酪蛋白乳清和酸乳清。还通过对各系统巴氏杀菌全脂乳进行凝乳酶处理生产甜乳清。采用直接进样质谱法和反相液相色谱-质谱联用法对每个样品的水溶性维生素谱进行分析。TMR组样品中维生素B3和B3-酰胺浓度分别显著高于CLV组和GRS组（<0.05）。GRS组和CLV组样品中维生素B1、B2和B7浓度显著高于TMR组。在不同蛋白质成分类型之间，维生素B1、B2和B3-酰胺也存在显著差异。本研究表明，奶牛饲养系统对一系列蛋白质成分类型中的B族维生素组成有显著影响。
