Levenick C K, Leighton A T
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Department of Poultry Science, Blacksburg 24061-0332.
Poult Sci. 1988 Nov;67(11):1505-13. doi: 10.3382/ps.0671505.
This study was designed to determine the effects of photoperiod and filtered light on growth of male and female turkeys. Large White (LW) and Medium White (MW) turkeys were reared under intermittent (2 h light: 2 h dark) or diurnal (12 h light: 12 h dark) photoperiods using white light, red (650 nm), or blue (450 nm)-filtered lights. Both males and females grew more rapidly under blue light than under red or white light up to 16 wk of age. After that age, rates of gain were significantly better under the white and red lights. Growth rates were significantly greater under the intermittent than under the diurnal photoperiod for both lines and sexes in Experiment 1 but not in Experiment 2. The greatest acceleration in growth rate was observed from 4 to 10 wk of age, with this advantage still evident at 24 wk of age. No significant differences in feed efficiency due to photoperiod or light color occurred. Early mortality was highest under blue light but late mortality was greater under red and white light. Mortality was higher for the LW than MW birds. Live grades were unaffected by light regimen or light color, but feather condition was poorest for birds reared under the white diurnal photoperiod.
本研究旨在确定光周期和滤光对雌雄火鸡生长的影响。大型白羽（LW）和中型白羽（MW）火鸡在间歇光照（2小时光照：2小时黑暗）或昼夜光照（12小时光照：12小时黑暗）条件下饲养，使用白光、红色（650纳米）或蓝色（450纳米）滤光。在16周龄前，无论雄性还是雌性，在蓝光下的生长速度均快于红光或白光下。16周龄后，白光和红光下的增重速度显著更快。在实验1中，两个品系和两种性别的火鸡在间歇光照下的生长速度均显著快于昼夜光照下，但在实验2中并非如此。生长速度的最大加速出现在4至10周龄，这种优势在24周龄时仍然明显。光周期或光颜色对饲料效率没有显著影响。蓝光下早期死亡率最高，但红光和白光下后期死亡率更高。LW品系火鸡的死亡率高于MW品系。活禽等级不受光照方案或光颜色的影响，但在昼夜白光光照下饲养的火鸡羽毛状况最差。
