Gill D J, Leighton A T
Department of Poultry Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061.
Poult Sci. 1988 Nov;67(11):1518-24. doi: 10.3382/ps.0671518.
This study was designed to determine the effects of intermittent white light [2 h of light (L) followed by 2 h of dark (D) repeated six times per day] vs. diurnal white, blue, and red light (12L:12D), light intensities of 86.1 lx (high) vs. 5.4 lx (low) at high and low population densities, and season of the year on changes in the pineal, pituitary, and adrenal glands and testes of male turkeys. Pineal gland weights were unaffected by any of the factors under study. Pituitary gland weights significantly increased only in 12-wk-old males reared during the fall and winter compared with those reared during the spring and summer, but were unaffected by the imposed light environments or population density. Adrenal glands were significantly larger in males reared under high population density conditions in comparison with those reared under low density housing. The different light environments were ineffective in altering the effects of population density on adrenal response. Intermittent, high intensity light caused precocious sexual development when males were between 12 and 23 wk of age. White light and red-filtered light stimulated testes activity and seminiferous tubule development, whereas blue-filtered light was nonstimulatory.
本研究旨在确定间歇性白光[光照（L）2小时后黑暗（D）2小时，每天重复6次]与昼夜白光、蓝光和红光（12L:12D）、高种群密度和低种群密度下86.1勒克斯（高）与5.4勒克斯（低）的光照强度以及一年中的季节对雄性火鸡松果体、垂体、肾上腺和睾丸变化的影响。松果体重量不受所研究的任何因素影响。与春季和夏季饲养的雄性相比，仅秋季和冬季饲养的12周龄雄性垂体重量显著增加，但不受所施加的光照环境或种群密度影响。与低密度饲养的雄性相比，高种群密度条件下饲养的雄性肾上腺明显更大。不同的光照环境在改变种群密度对肾上腺反应的影响方面无效。当雄性在12至23周龄之间时，间歇性高强度光照会导致性早熟。白光和红色滤光光刺激睾丸活动和生精小管发育，而蓝色滤光光无刺激作用。
