Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2020 Jun;20(6):355-362. doi: 10.1038/s41577-020-0331-4. Epub 2020 May 6.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2 has led to more than 200,000 deaths worldwide. Several studies have now established that the hyperinflammatory response induced by SARS-CoV-2 is a major cause of disease severity and death in infected patients. Macrophages are a population of innate immune cells that sense and respond to microbial threats by producing inflammatory molecules that eliminate pathogens and promote tissue repair. However, a dysregulated macrophage response can be damaging to the host, as is seen in the macrophage activation syndrome induced by severe infections, including in infections with the related virus SARS-CoV. Here we describe the potentially pathological roles of macrophages during SARS-CoV-2 infection and discuss ongoing and prospective therapeutic strategies to modulate macrophage activation in patients with COVID-19.
由 SARS-CoV-2 感染引起的 COVID-19 大流行已导致全球超过 20 万人死亡。现在有几项研究已经证实，SARS-CoV-2 引起的过度炎症反应是感染患者疾病严重程度和死亡的主要原因。巨噬细胞是先天免疫细胞的一个群体，通过产生消除病原体和促进组织修复的炎症分子来感知和应对微生物威胁。然而，巨噬细胞反应失调也会对宿主造成损害，就像严重感染（包括与 SARS-CoV 相关的病毒感染）引起的巨噬细胞活化综合征那样。在这里，我们描述了巨噬细胞在 SARS-CoV-2 感染过程中的潜在病理作用，并讨论了目前正在进行和未来可能的治疗策略，以调节 COVID-19 患者的巨噬细胞活化。
