Holochwost Steven J, Towe-Goodman Nissa, Rehder Peter D, Wang Guan, Mills-Koonce W Roger
Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, Sheryl-Mar North, Room 111, Campus Box 8040, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-8040, U.S.A.
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of North Carolina Greensboro, 319 College Avenue, 248 Stone Building, Greensboro, NC 27412, U.S.A.
Dev Rev. 2020 Jun;56. doi: 10.1016/j.dr.2020.100898. Epub 2020 Mar 17.
The association between poverty and the activity of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis in early childhood is well established. Both ecological and transactional theories suggest that one way in which poverty may influence children's HPA-axis activity is through its effects on parents' behaviors, and over the past three decades a substantial literature has accumulated indicating that variations in these behaviors are associated with individual differences in young children's HPA-axis activity. More recent research suggests that non-parental caregiving behaviors are associated with HPA-axis activity in early childhood as well. Here we systematically review the literature on the association between both parental and non-parental caregiving behaviors in the context of poverty and the activity of the HPA-axis in early childhood. We conclude by noting commonalities across these two literatures and their implications for future research.
贫困与幼儿期下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴活动之间的关联已得到充分证实。生态理论和交互作用理论均表明，贫困影响儿童HPA轴活动的一种方式是通过其对父母行为的影响，在过去三十年中积累了大量文献，表明这些行为的变化与幼儿HPA轴活动的个体差异有关。最近的研究表明，非父母照顾行为也与幼儿期的HPA轴活动有关。在此，我们系统地回顾了关于贫困背景下父母和非父母照顾行为与幼儿期HPA轴活动之间关联的文献。我们通过指出这两类文献的共同之处及其对未来研究的启示来得出结论。
