Wang Yifan, Lin Dayu
Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Neuroscience Institute, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience and physiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Neurosci Res. 2025 Jul;216:104866. doi: 10.1016/j.neures.2024.12.004. Epub 2024 Dec 12.
In nearly all mammalian species, newborn pups are weak and vulnerable, relying heavily on care and protection from parents for survival. Thus, developmentally hardwired neural circuits are in place to ensure the timely expression of parental behaviors. Furthermore, several neurochemical systems, including estrogen, oxytocin, and dopamine, facilitate the emergence and expression of parental behaviors. However, stress can adversely affect these systems, impairing parental behaviors. In this review, we will summarize our current knowledge regarding the impact of stress on pup-directed behavior circuits that lead to infant neglect, abuse, and, in extreme cases, killing. We will discuss various stressors that influence parental behaviors at different life stages and how stress induces changes in the neurochemical systems that support parental care, ultimately leading to its poor performance.
在几乎所有哺乳动物物种中，新生幼崽都很弱小且易受伤害，严重依赖父母的照顾和保护才能生存。因此，发育过程中就存在的神经回路可确保亲代行为的及时表达。此外，包括雌激素、催产素和多巴胺在内的几种神经化学系统促进了亲代行为的出现和表达。然而，压力会对这些系统产生不利影响，损害亲代行为。在这篇综述中，我们将总结目前关于压力对导致忽视、虐待婴儿甚至在极端情况下杀害婴儿的幼崽导向行为回路影响的认识。我们将讨论在不同生命阶段影响亲代行为的各种应激源，以及压力如何诱导支持亲代照顾的神经化学系统发生变化，最终导致亲代照顾行为表现不佳。
