Fleming A S, Phillips A, Rydall A, Levesque L
Erindale College, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Physiol Behav. 1988;44(2):227-34. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(88)90143-6.
Four studies were conducted to determine the role of photoperiod, the pineal gland and the gonads in the regulation of intrasex agonistic behavior in female hamsters. In the first experiment animals maintained under Long or Short photoperiods were tested in same or opposite photoperiod pairs. Under both testing conditions, Short-day animals tended to exhibit a higher ratio of offensive to defensive behaviors, which was due primarily to a reduced level of defensive behavior in Short-day groups. In the second experiment animals under Long and Short photoperiods were tested following sham surgery or pinealectomy. Short-day sham animals exhibited the highest level of offensive behavior, the lowest level of defensive behaviors and the highest offensive/defensive ratio; pinealectomy eliminated the Short-day advantage. In the third experiment, Long-day animals receiving exogenous melatonin showed a higher level of agonistic responding than animals injected with control vehicle, indicating that Short-day effects are probably mediated through pineal melatonin. The results of the last experiment in which ovariectomy to Long-day animals was not able to mimic the effects of photoperiod or exogenous melatonin indicated that the photoperiod effects on aggression are probably not mediated through the gonads.
进行了四项研究以确定光周期、松果体和性腺在雌性仓鼠性别内攻击行为调节中的作用。在第一个实验中，将处于长光周期或短光周期下饲养的动物在相同或相反光周期组合中进行测试。在两种测试条件下，短日照动物往往表现出更高的进攻行为与防御行为比例，这主要是由于短日照组防御行为水平降低所致。在第二个实验中，对处于长光周期和短光周期下的动物进行假手术或松果体切除术后进行测试。短日照假手术动物表现出最高水平的进攻行为、最低水平的防御行为以及最高的进攻/防御比例；松果体切除消除了短日照优势。在第三个实验中，接受外源性褪黑素的长日照动物比注射对照载体的动物表现出更高水平的攻击反应，表明短日照效应可能通过松果体褪黑素介导。最后一个实验的结果是，对长日照动物进行卵巢切除不能模拟光周期或外源性褪黑素的作用，这表明光周期对攻击行为的影响可能不是通过性腺介导的。
