Kanarek R B, Marks-Kaufman R
Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155.
Physiol Behav. 1988;44(4-5):501-5. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(88)90312-5.
The interaction of sucrose availability and oral self-administration of amphetamine was examined in 23 male Sprague-Dawley rats. Fourteen rats were given a 0.075 mg/ml amphetamine sulfate solution as their sole source of fluid and 9 rats were given water. Feeding conditions were alternated between weeks with both granulated sucrose and chow available and weeks with only chow present. Rats drank significantly less of the amphetamine solution when consuming sucrose and chow than when eating chow alone. Sucrose intake had a slight effect on water intake. Rats drinking the amphetamine solution consumed significantly less food, gained significantly less weight, and were significantly less efficient at using calories for weight gain than rats drinking water. However, when given access to sucrose, rats drinking the amphetamine solution chose a significantly greater proportion of their daily caloric intake as sucrose (60%) than rats drinking water (42.5%). The present results demonstrate that 1) amphetamine intake alters nutrient choice and 2) that dietary variables can profoundly affect drug self-administration.
在23只雄性斯普拉格-道利大鼠中研究了蔗糖可获得性与苯丙胺口服自我给药之间的相互作用。14只大鼠给予0.075毫克/毫升硫酸苯丙胺溶液作为其唯一的液体来源，9只大鼠给予水。喂食条件在有颗粒状蔗糖和食物都可获得的周与只有食物的周之间交替。与单独吃食物时相比，大鼠在食用蔗糖和食物时饮用的苯丙胺溶液明显更少。蔗糖摄入量对水摄入量有轻微影响。饮用苯丙胺溶液的大鼠消耗的食物明显更少，体重增加明显更少，并且在利用热量增加体重方面比饮用的水的大鼠效率明显更低。然而，当可以获得蔗糖时，饮用苯丙胺溶液的大鼠选择的每日热量摄入中蔗糖的比例（60%）明显高于饮用的水的大鼠（42.5%）。目前的结果表明：1）苯丙胺摄入量会改变营养选择；2）饮食变量可深刻影响药物自我给药。
