Marks-Kaufman R, Kanarek R B
Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1990 Feb;35(2):301-6. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(90)90159-f.
The effects of intake of an amphetamine solution on food and fluid intakes, body weight (b.wt.) and feed efficiency (FE) were examined in rats fed either a high-carbohydrate (HC) (65% of total calories) or high-fat (HF) (65% of total calories) diet. During a 17-day predrug period, neither caloric intake, fluid intake, b.wt. nor feed efficiency (FE) differed as a function of diet. When given a 0.1 mg/ml amphetamine sulfate (AMPH) solution as their sole source of fluid, rats in both diet groups decreased fluid intake by an equivalent amount. While diet did not influence AMPH intake, it did alter the drug's effects on caloric intake, b.wt. and FE. In both diet groups, rats drinking AMPH decreased caloric intake, b.wt. gain and FE relative to rats which drank water. However, rats fed the HC diet decreased caloric intake less, but lost more weight than rats fed the HF diet. Further, rats fed the HC diet displayed a rapid tolerance to the anorectic effects of AMPH, with no tolerance to the drug's effect on b.wt. In contrast, rats fed the HF diet suppressed caloric intake throughout the drug period, but weighed more than rats fed the HC diet. Thus, when drinking the AMPH solution, FE of rats fed the HC diet was significantly lower than that of rats fed the HF diet. When the drug was removed, rats eating the HC diet failed to alter caloric intake and b.wt. In contrast, rats fed the HF diet increased caloric intake and gained weight. These data indicate that dietary factors must be considered when evaluating the anorectic actions of psychopharmacological agents.
在喂食高碳水化合物（HC）（占总热量的65%）或高脂肪（HF）（占总热量的65%）饮食的大鼠中，研究了摄入苯丙胺溶液对食物和液体摄入量、体重（b.wt.）以及饲料效率（FE）的影响。在为期17天的给药前阶段，热量摄入、液体摄入、体重和饲料效率均未因饮食而有所不同。当给予0.1毫克/毫升硫酸苯丙胺（AMPH）溶液作为它们唯一的液体来源时，两个饮食组的大鼠液体摄入量均等量减少。虽然饮食不影响AMPH的摄入量，但确实改变了药物对热量摄入、体重和饲料效率的影响。在两个饮食组中，饮用AMPH的大鼠相对于饮水的大鼠，热量摄入、体重增加和饲料效率均降低。然而，喂食HC饮食的大鼠热量摄入减少较少，但比喂食HF饮食的大鼠体重减轻更多。此外，喂食HC饮食的大鼠对AMPH的厌食作用表现出快速耐受性，对药物对体重的影响则无耐受性。相比之下，喂食HF饮食的大鼠在整个给药期间抑制了热量摄入，但体重比喂食HC饮食的大鼠更重。因此，饮用AMPH溶液时，喂食HC饮食的大鼠的饲料效率显著低于喂食HF饮食的大鼠。当去除药物后，食用HC饮食的大鼠未能改变热量摄入和体重。相比之下，喂食HF饮食的大鼠增加了热量摄入并体重增加。这些数据表明，在评估精神药理学药物的厌食作用时，必须考虑饮食因素。
