Akehi Kazuma, Palmer Ty B, Conchola Eric C, Thompson Brennan J, Kasl Alexa, Bice Matthew, Unruh Scott
Athletic Training/Clinical Kinesiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sport Sciences, University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, Nebraska.
Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas.
J Strength Cond Res. 2022 May 1;36(5):1389-1395. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003607. Epub 2020 May 5.
Akehi, K, Palmer, TB, Conchola, EC, Thompson, BJ, Kasl, A, Bice, M, and Unruh, S. Changes in knee extension and flexion maximal and rapid torque characteristics during a collegiate women's soccer season. J Strength Cond Res 36(5): 1389-1395, 2022-The purpose of this study was to assess the changes in maximal and rapid torque capacities of the knee extensor and flexor muscles over the course of a competitive season in NCAA Division II women's soccer players. Eighteen female soccer athletes performed 2 maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVICs) of the knee extensor and flexor muscles before, during, and at the end of the competitive season. Peak torque (PT) and rate of torque development (RTD) at 50 (RTD50), 200 (RTD200), and 100-200 (RTD100-200) milliseconds were extracted from each MVIC for both legs. The rapid (RTD50) to maximal force ratio (RTD:PT), hamstring-to-quadriceps (H:Q) strength ratio, and bilateral strength differences were also calculated. Results indicated that PT, RTD50, and RTD200 decreased 11-21% from the preseason to the midseason for the knee extensors (p < 0.02) and RTD50 increased approximately 11% from the midseason to the end of season for the knee flexors (p < 0.01). Rate of torque development-to-PT ratios for the knee extensors and flexors increased 12-25% at the end of the season (p < 0.05). Also, H:Q strength ratios using PT, RTD50, and RTD200 increased 12.5-24% after the season started (p = 0.001-0.04). There were no bilateral strength differences (dominant vs. non-dominant limbs) across the season (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that participation in a soccer season can change maximal and rapid torque production of the knee extensors and flexors. Coaches and clinicians should consider incorporating a season-long strength training and maintenance plan for soccer players with the aim to improve athletic performance and minimize the risk of musculoskeletal injuries to the lower extremities.
明宏、K、帕尔默、TB、康乔拉、EC、汤普森、BJ、卡斯尔、A、比斯、M和昂鲁、S。美国大学体育协会第二分区女子足球赛季期间膝关节屈伸最大和快速扭矩特征的变化。《力量与体能研究杂志》36(5): 1389 - 1395, 2022年。本研究的目的是评估美国大学体育协会第二分区女子足球运动员在一个竞技赛季中膝关节伸肌和屈肌的最大和快速扭矩能力的变化。18名女子足球运动员在竞技赛季开始前、赛季中及赛季末进行了2次膝关节伸肌和屈肌的最大自主等长收缩（MVIC）。从每条腿的每次MVIC中提取50毫秒（RTD50）、200毫秒（RTD200）和100 - 200毫秒（RTD100 - 200）时的峰值扭矩（PT）和扭矩发展速率（RTD）。还计算了快速（RTD50）与最大力之比（RTD:PT）、腘绳肌与股四头肌（H:Q）力量比以及双侧力量差异。结果表明，膝关节伸肌从赛季前到赛季中PT、RTD50和RTD200下降了11 - 21%（p < 0.02），膝关节屈肌从赛季中到赛季末RTD50大约增加了11%（p < 0.01）。赛季末膝关节伸肌和屈肌的扭矩发展速率与PT之比增加了12 - 25%（p < 0.05）。此外，使用PT、RTD50和RTD200计算的H:Q力量比在赛季开始后增加了12.5 - 24%（p = 0.001 - 0.04）。整个赛季中双侧力量无差异（优势侧与非优势侧肢体）（p > 0.05）。这些发现表明，参加足球赛季会改变膝关节伸肌和屈肌的最大和快速扭矩产生。教练和临床医生应考虑为足球运动员制定一个贯穿整个赛季的力量训练和维持计划，以提高运动表现并将下肢肌肉骨骼损伤的风险降至最低。
