Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food, Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Community Nutrition, Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020 May;39:101173. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101173. Epub 2020 Apr 15.
Existing evidence on the possible effects of ginseng on liver function has not been fully established. Therefore, the present review was undertaken to evaluate the overall effects of ginseng supplementation on liver enzymes in adults.
A systematic computerized literature search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Google scholar databases was conducted up to May 2019. All RCTs using ginseng supplements in adults were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis.
Overall, 14 randomized trials (with 20 arms) including 992 subjects were identified. Pooled analysis did not illustrate any significant changes in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and albumin (ALB) levels, however, it showed a minor significant increase in bilirubin (BIL) levels. Subgroup analysis by dosage and study population revealed significant increase of bilirubin after ginseng supplementation ≥3 g/day or in unhealthy individuals.
Ginseng appears to have neither hepatoprotective nor hepatotoxic effects in conventional doses and duration. It is noteworthy that this seems applicable only for individuals with healthy liver function. Further largescale studies are warranted to confirm present findings.
人参对肝功能的可能影响的现有证据尚未得到充分证实。因此，本综述旨在评估人参补充剂对成年人肝酶的总体影响。
系统检索了 PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science、Cochrane 图书馆和 Google Scholar 数据库，检索时间截至 2019 年 5 月。本系统评价和荟萃分析纳入了所有使用人参补充剂的成年人随机对照试验。
总体而言，共确定了 14 项随机试验（20 个试验组），包括 992 名受试者。荟萃分析表明，丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和白蛋白（ALB）水平无显著变化，但胆红素（BIL）水平略有显著升高。按剂量和研究人群进行的亚组分析显示，人参补充剂≥3g/天或在不健康个体中，胆红素水平升高。
在常规剂量和时间内，人参似乎既没有肝保护作用，也没有肝毒性作用。值得注意的是，这似乎仅适用于肝功能正常的个体。需要进一步的大规模研究来证实目前的发现。
