Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Coexistent Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Overlap Syndrome).

Evidence suggests that metabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly prevalent in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, data on the prevalence of MetS in patients having both OSAS and COPD, or overlap syndrome (OS), are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and identify predictors of MetS in patients with OS. MetS was evaluated in consecutive patients who were diagnosed with OS by polysomnography and pulmonary function testing. A total of 163 subjects (138 males and 25 females) were included. MetS was present in 38% of OS patients. Patients were divided into group A (OS without MetS group: 101 patients) and group B (OS with MetS group: 62 patients). Groups were similar in terms of pulmonary function and sleep parameters. In group B, abdominal obesity was the most prevalent component of MetS (100%), followed by hypertension (82.3%), hypertriglyceridemia (72.6%), and hyperglycemia (51.6%). Age ( = 0.009) and body mass index ( = 0.029) were independent predictors of MetS in patients with OS. An increased prevalence of MetS was observed in a group of patients with OS. Early identification and treatment of MetS may play a significant role in prevention of complications related to OS.