影响 HIV 感染青少年自我概念的因素：中国的一项横断面调查。
Factors influencing self-concept among adolescents infected with HIV: a cross-sectional survey in China.
机构信息
Medical Psychology Department, Public Health School of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Medical Psychology Department, Public Health School of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2020 May 6;10(5):e022321. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022321.
OVERVIEW
The mental health problems of adolescents with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are important. It is of great significance to explore which factors can affect the self-evaluation and understanding of adolescents with HIV.
OBJECTIVE
We found that adolescents with HIV have a lower level of self-concept than healthy adolescents. This study aimed to determine the factors influencing self-concept among adolescents with HIV in China.
SETTING
A questionnaire was distributed among a total of 290 adolescents in Henan Province, China. One hundred and forty questionnaires were distributed in the case group (adolescents with HIV) and the control group (healthy adolescents) was issued 150 questionnaires.The Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire were adapted for a Chinese population. Differences between the groups were tested for significance using Student's t-test, and analysis of variance was used to test continuous variables. The relationship between environmental personality factors and adolescent self-concept was examined by Pearson correlation analysis. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to model the effects of environmental personality factors on self-concept.
RESULTS
The self-concept total score among adolescents with HIV was significantly lower than healthy adolescents (p<0.05). Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that age (β=-0.19, t=-2.16, p=0.03), perceived stress (β=-0.19, t=-2.22, p=0.03), perceived social support (β=0.26, t=3.25, p=0.00), positive coping style (β=0.50, t=5.75, p=0.00) and negative coping style (β=-0.45, t=-5.33, p=0.00) were significantly associated with self-concept total scores.
CONCLUSIONS
The self-concept of adolescents with HIV is related to perceived stress, perceived social support and coping style. These findings underline the significance of self-concept among adolescents infected with HIV.
概述
青少年人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者存在心理健康问题，探索哪些因素会影响 HIV 青少年的自我评价和认知具有重要意义。
目的
我们发现 HIV 青少年的自我概念水平低于健康青少年。本研究旨在确定中国 HIV 青少年自我概念的影响因素。
设置
在中国河南省共发放了 290 份问卷，其中 140 份分发给病例组（HIV 青少年），对照组（健康青少年）发放了 150 份问卷。采用皮尔逊儿童自我概念量表、压力知觉量表、感知社会支持量表和简易应对方式问卷进行了中国人群的适应性研究。采用学生 t 检验比较组间差异的显著性，采用方差分析检验连续变量。采用 Pearson 相关分析检验环境人格因素与青少年自我概念的关系，采用分层线性回归分析模型检验环境人格因素对自我概念的影响。
结果
HIV 青少年的自我概念总分显著低于健康青少年（p<0.05）。分层回归分析表明，年龄（β=-0.19，t=-2.16，p=0.03）、压力知觉（β=-0.19，t=-2.22，p=0.03）、感知社会支持（β=0.26，t=3.25，p=0.00）、积极应对方式（β=0.50，t=5.75，p=0.00）和消极应对方式（β=-0.45，t=-5.33，p=0.00）与自我概念总分显著相关。
结论
HIV 青少年的自我概念与压力知觉、感知社会支持和应对方式有关。这些发现强调了 HIV 感染青少年自我概念的重要性。
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