Laboratório de Citogenômica Evolutiva, Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Department of Genetics and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America.
Sci Rep. 2020 May 8;10(1):7783. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-64620-1.
The genus Saimiri is a decades-long taxonomic and phylogenetic puzzle to which cytogenetics has contributed crucial data. All Saimiri species apparently have a diploid number of 2n = 44 but vary in the number of chromosome arms. Repetitive sequences such as satellite DNAs are potentially informative cytogenetic markers because they display high evolutionary rates. Our goal is to increase the pertinent karyological data by more fully characterizing satellite DNA sequences in the Saimiri genus. We were able to identify two abundant satellite DNAs, alpha (340 bp) and CapA (1,500 bp), from short-read clustering of sequencing datasets from S. boliviensis. The alpha sequences comprise about 1% and the CapA 2.2% of the S. boliviensis genome. We also mapped both satellite DNAs in S. boliviensis, S. sciureus, S. vanzolinii, and S. ustus. The alpha has high interspecific repeat homogeneity and was mapped to the centromeres of all analyzed species. CapA is associated with non-pericentromeric heterochromatin and its distribution varies among Saimiri species. We conclude that CapA genomic distribution and its pervasiveness across Platyrrhini makes it an attractive cytogenetic marker for Saimiri and other New World monkeys.
萨氏卷尾猴属是一个长达数十年的分类学和系统发育难题，细胞遗传学为此提供了重要数据。所有萨氏卷尾猴物种显然都具有二倍体数 2n = 44，但染色体臂数有所不同。重复序列（如卫星 DNA）是潜在的有价值的细胞遗传学标记，因为它们具有很高的进化速度。我们的目标是通过更全面地描述萨氏卷尾猴属中的卫星 DNA 序列来增加相关的核型数据。我们能够从 S. boliviensis 的测序数据集的短读聚类中识别出两种丰富的卫星 DNA，alpha（340bp）和 CapA（1500bp）。alpha 序列约占 S. boliviensis 基因组的 1%，CapA 占 2.2%。我们还在 S. boliviensis、S. sciureus、S. vanzolinii 和 S. ustus 中对这两种卫星 DNA 进行了定位。alpha 在种间具有高度的重复同源性，并定位在所有分析物种的着丝粒上。CapA 与非着丝粒异染色质相关，其分布在萨氏卷尾猴属中各不相同。我们的结论是，CapA 的基因组分布及其在新世界猴中的普遍性使其成为萨氏卷尾猴和其他新世界猴的一种有吸引力的细胞遗传学标记。
