Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
Department of Pharmacy, Drug Clinical Trails Institution, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Int J Biol Markers. 2020 Jun;35(2):3-19. doi: 10.1177/1724600820920293. Epub 2020 May 11.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which include exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies, are nanosized structures that are secreted by various cells and act as important mediators in intercellular communication. Recent studies have shown that exosomes carrying bioactive molecules are generated from multivesicular bodies and are present in various body fluids. mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) are encapsulated in exosomes and have been found to be involved in multiple pathophysiological processes. Here, we provide a review of tumor-associated exosomal mRNAs and miRNAs and their roles in metastasis and drug resistance. In particular, we emphasize their clinical application potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of cancer and in cancer therapy.
细胞外囊泡（EVs），包括外泌体、微囊泡和凋亡小体，是由各种细胞分泌的纳米级结构，是细胞间通讯的重要介质。最近的研究表明，含有生物活性分子的外泌体是从多泡体产生的，并存在于各种体液中。mRNA 和 microRNAs（miRNAs）被包裹在其中，并被发现参与多种病理生理过程。在这里，我们综述了肿瘤相关的外泌体 mRNA 和 miRNAs 及其在转移和耐药中的作用。特别是，我们强调了它们作为癌症诊断和预后生物标志物以及癌症治疗中的临床应用潜力。
