University of Salford, Frederick Road Campus, Salford M5 4WT, UK.
University of Salford, Salford, UK.
Perspect Public Health. 2020 Nov;140(6):351-361. doi: 10.1177/1757913920912436. Epub 2020 May 11.
E-cigarettes have been advocated as an effective smoking cessation intervention, with evidence indicating that they are substantially less harmful than conventional cigarettes. As a result, a pilot to encourage people to swap from conventional cigarettes to e-cigarettes was conducted in 2018 in a socially deprived area in the North West of England. This evaluation highlights the key findings from the pilot.
An analysis of secondary data at 4 weeks ( = 1022) was undertaken to predict those who used solely used e-cigarettes (i.e. had quit tobacco, as confirmed by a carbon monoxide test, CO < 10 ppm) from baseline characteristics, using chi-square tests and logistic regression. Baseline data were demographics, smoking levels and service provider type.
Of the 1022 participants who engaged with the pilot 614 were still engaged at 4 weeks, of whom 62% had quit; quitting was more likely in younger participants (aged 18-24) and less likely in those who were sick and disabled. Of those who still smoked tobacco at week 4 ( = 226), smoking had reduced from a baseline of 19.1 cigarettes/day to 8.7. Overall, 37% (381) of those initially enrolled were confirmed to be using an e-cigarette on its own at follow-up. Successful quit was associated with occupation (unemployed, 33% vs intermediate, 47%, = .023) and residing in the less deprived quintiles of deprivation (50% vs 34% in the most deprived quintile, = .016).
Making the conservative assumption that all those not in contact at 4 weeks were still smoking tobacco, for every five people entering the scheme, three people stayed on the programme and reduced their cigarette smoking and one person cut out tobacco altogether. E-cigarettes appear to be an effective nicotine replacement therapy; however, further research is required to determine whether e-cigarette users are more likely to reduce their overall nicotine consumption in the longer term.
电子烟作为一种有效的戒烟干预手段已被广泛提倡，有证据表明它的危害远小于传统香烟。因此，2018 年在英格兰西北部一个社会贫困地区进行了一项试点，鼓励人们从传统香烟转向电子烟。本评估重点介绍了该试点的主要发现。
对 4 周时（n=1022）的次要数据进行分析，使用卡方检验和逻辑回归，根据基线特征预测那些仅使用电子烟的人（即已戒烟，通过一氧化碳测试证实，CO<10ppm）。基线数据包括人口统计学、吸烟水平和服务提供类型。
在参与试点的 1022 名参与者中，有 614 名在 4 周时仍在参与，其中 62%已戒烟；年轻参与者（18-24 岁）戒烟的可能性更高，而患病和残疾者戒烟的可能性更低。在第 4 周仍吸烟的 226 人中，吸烟量从基线时的 19.1 支/天减少到 8.7 支。总体而言，在最初登记的人中，有 37%（381 人）在随访时被证实仅使用电子烟。成功戒烟与职业（失业者 33%，中间职业者 47%，P=.023）和居住在贫困程度较低的五分位数有关（最贫困五分位数的 34%，贫困程度较低五分位数的 50%，P=.016）。
保守地假设在第 4 周未联系到的所有人仍在吸烟，那么每有 5 人进入该计划，就有 3 人继续参与该计划并减少吸烟量，1 人完全戒掉了烟草。电子烟似乎是一种有效的尼古丁替代疗法；然而，需要进一步研究以确定电子烟使用者是否更有可能在长期内减少其整体尼古丁摄入量。
