Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Life Sci. 2020 Aug 1;254:117754. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117754. Epub 2020 May 7.
The most prevalent gastrointestinal (GI) cancers include colorectal cancer, stomach cancer, and liver cancer, known as the most common causes of cancer-related death in both men and women populations in the world. Traditional therapeutic approaches, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have failed in the effective treatment of cancer. Therefore, there is an urgent need for finding new effective anticancer agents. The available evidence and also the promising results of using bacteria as the anticancer agents on numerous cancer cell lines have attracted the attention of scientists for the therapeutic role of bacteria in the field of cancer therapy. Moreover, several studies on the bacteriotherapy agents have used genetic engineering to overcome the challenges and enhance the efficacy with the least drawbacks. Numerous bacterial species that can specifically target and internalize into the tumor cells are used live, attenuated, or genetically as compared to selectively consider the hypoxic condition of tumor, which results in the tumor suppression. The present study is a comprehensive review of the current literature on the use of bacteria and their substances such as bacteriocins and toxins in the treatment of different types of gastrointestinal cancers.
最常见的胃肠道（GI）癌症包括结直肠癌、胃癌和肝癌，这些癌症是全球男性和女性癌症相关死亡的最常见原因。传统的治疗方法，包括手术、放疗和化疗，在癌症的有效治疗方面都失败了。因此，迫切需要寻找新的有效的抗癌药物。现有的证据以及使用细菌作为抗癌药物在许多癌细胞系上的有希望的结果引起了科学家们的注意，因为细菌在癌症治疗领域具有治疗作用。此外，一些关于细菌疗法药物的研究已经使用基因工程来克服挑战并提高疗效，同时尽量减少缺点。与选择性地考虑肿瘤的缺氧条件相比，许多可以特异性靶向和内化肿瘤细胞的细菌种类被用于活体、减毒或基因修饰，从而抑制肿瘤。本研究对目前关于细菌及其物质（如细菌素和毒素）在治疗不同类型胃肠道癌症中的应用的文献进行了综述。
