Wallborn Tillmann, Vogel Mandy, Kneuer Antje, Thamm Michael, Dittrich Katalin, Kiess Wieland, Kratzsch Jürgen
University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Eur J Nutr. 2021 Feb;60(1):493-502. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02268-3. Epub 2020 May 11.
Iodine deficiency in childhood and adolescence may lead to later thyroid dysfunction, stunted growth and cognitive impairment. The World Health Organization (WHO) has issued recommended age-dependent urine iodine concentration targets, but a critical threshold beyond which clinical sequelae are to be expected remains undefined. Our study aimed to investigate spot urine iodine concentration in a typical Central European cohort of children and adolescents, and consider the implications of these values in regard to laboratory parameters for evaluating thyroid function.
Using the Sandell-Kolthoff method, spot urine iodine concentration was measured cross-sectionally from 1802 healthy children and adolescent in the age range of 0.25-18 years within the LIFE-Child epidemiological study based in and around the city of Leipzig (Germany). Additionally, serum thyroid biomarkers of these subjects were measured and correlated to urine iodine levels.
In our cohort, 61.39% of boys and 65.91% of girls had an iodine level of < 100 µg/L (57%, 67%, 65% of the age groups 0-5, 6-12 and 13-18 years), the median iodine excretion was 86 µg/L in boys and 80 µg/L in girls. The iodine levels revealed no significant correlation with the thyroid biomarkers TSH, FT4 and FT3. Moreover, iodine values revealed no correlation with levels of antibodies against thyroid peroxidase or thyroglobulin.
In our cohort of children and adolescents, the relatively high number of iodine levels below the WHO recommendation appears not to be related to clinical or subclinical thyroid diseases in the respective participants.
儿童和青少年时期的碘缺乏可能导致日后的甲状腺功能障碍、生长发育迟缓以及认知障碍。世界卫生组织（WHO）已发布了按年龄划分的尿碘浓度推荐目标，但尚未明确超过该浓度可能引发临床后遗症的临界阈值。我们的研究旨在调查中欧一个典型儿童和青少年队列的即时尿碘浓度，并探讨这些数值对于评估甲状腺功能的实验室参数的意义。
在德国莱比锡市及其周边地区开展的LIFE-Child流行病学研究中，采用桑德尔-科尔托夫法对1802名年龄在0.25至18岁之间的健康儿童和青少年进行即时尿碘浓度的横断面测量。此外，还对这些受试者的血清甲状腺生物标志物进行了测量，并将其与尿碘水平进行关联分析。
在我们的队列中，61.39%的男孩和65.91%的女孩碘水平<100μg/L（0至5岁、6至12岁和13至18岁年龄组分别为57%、67%和65%），男孩的碘排泄中位数为86μg/L，女孩为80μg/L。碘水平与甲状腺生物标志物促甲状腺激素（TSH）、游离甲状腺素（FT4）和游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT3）无显著相关性。此外，碘值与抗甲状腺过氧化物酶或甲状腺球蛋白抗体水平也无相关性。
在我们的儿童和青少年队列中，低于WHO推荐水平的碘水平数量相对较多，这似乎与相应参与者的临床或亚临床甲状腺疾病无关。
