Wilburn Dylan T, Machek Steven B, Cardaci Thomas D, Hwang Paul S, Willoughby Darryn S
Exercise and Biochemical Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Baylor University, Waco, TX USA.
J Sports Sci Med. 2020 May 1;19(2):282-288. eCollection 2020 Jun.
Most of the research investigating the ergogenic enhancing mechanisms of carbohydrate have been conducted using aerobic based exercise. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pre-exercise maltodextrin ingestion on resistance exercise performance, serum insulin, epinephrine, glucose, and muscle glycogen concentrations. In a double blind, cross over, repeated measures design, participants completed four sets to failure at 70% of 1-RM with 45s rest on the angled leg press with or without pre-exercise maltodextrin (2g/kg) after a 3hr fast. Serum glucose, epinephrine, and insulin were assessed at baseline, 30 min post-ingestion, immediately after, and 1hr post-exercise with or without carbohydrate supplementation. Muscle glycogen was assessed from biopsy specimens sampled from the vastus lateralis before supplementation, immediately after exercise, and 1hr post exercise under both conditions. There was no main effect of supplement on resistance exercise performance (p = 0.18). Muscle glycogen concentration decreased across time for both groups (p < 0.001). There was an interaction in serum glucose decreasing more during exercise in the carbohydrate condition (p = 0.026). An interaction occurred showing insulin decreased during exercise in the carbohydrate condition (p = 0.003). Also, there was a main effect of insulin being elevated with carbohydrate consumption (p = 0.027). Epinephrine was decreased across all time points after carbohydrate ingestion (p = 0.023). Carbohydrate supplementation before resistance exercise did not improve leg press performance to fatigue despite increased metabolic substrate availability. These results indicate that pre-exercise dietary carbohydrate will be utilized preferentially during exercise due to decreased epinephrine, decreased serum glucose, and increased insulin concentrations. However, the increases in glycolytic substrate availability will not increase exercise performance or glycogen content following 1hr of recovery.
大多数研究碳水化合物促力增强机制的实验都是基于有氧运动进行的。因此,本研究旨在探讨运动前摄入麦芽糊精对力量训练表现、血清胰岛素、肾上腺素、葡萄糖和肌肉糖原浓度的影响。在一项双盲、交叉、重复测量设计中,参与者在禁食3小时后,在有或没有运动前麦芽糊精(2g/kg)的情况下,以1-RM的70%完成四组斜腿推举至力竭,每组休息45秒。在摄入碳水化合物前后,分别在基线、摄入后30分钟、运动后立即和运动后1小时评估血清葡萄糖、肾上腺素和胰岛素水平。在两种情况下,均从外侧股四头肌取活检样本,在补充前、运动后立即和运动后1小时评估肌肉糖原水平。补充剂对力量训练表现没有主要影响(p = 0.18)。两组的肌肉糖原浓度均随时间下降(p < 0.001)。在碳水化合物条件下,运动期间血清葡萄糖下降更多,存在交互作用(p = 0.026)。在碳水化合物条件下,运动期间胰岛素下降,存在交互作用(p = 0.003)。此外,摄入碳水化合物后胰岛素升高,存在主要影响(p = 0.027)。摄入碳水化合物后,所有时间点的肾上腺素均下降(p = 0.023)。尽管代谢底物可用性增加,但抗阻运动前补充碳水化合物并不能提高腿部推举至疲劳的表现。这些结果表明,由于肾上腺素减少、血清葡萄糖降低和胰岛素浓度增加,运动前饮食中的碳水化合物将在运动期间被优先利用。然而,糖酵解底物可用性的增加并不会在恢复1小时后提高运动表现或糖原含量。