Prata Ndola, Fraser Ashley, Huchko Megan J, Gipson Jessica D, Withers Mellissa, Lewis Shayna, Ciaraldi Erica J, Upadhyay Ushma D
*Bixby Center for Population,Health and Sustainability,University of California,Berkeley,USA.
†University of California,San Francisco,USA.
J Biosoc Sci. 2017 Nov;49(6):713-743. doi: 10.1017/S0021932016000663. Epub 2017 Jan 10.
This paper reviews the literature examining the relationship between women's empowerment and contraceptive use, unmet need for contraception and related family planning topics in developing countries. Searches were conducted using PubMed, Popline and Web of Science search engines in May 2013 to examine literature published between January 1990 and December 2012. Among the 46 articles included in the review, the majority were conducted in South Asia (n=24). Household decision-making (n=21) and mobility (n=17) were the most commonly examined domains of women's empowerment. Findings show that the relationship between empowerment and family planning is complex, with mixed positive and null associations. Consistently positive associations between empowerment and family planning outcomes were found for most family planning outcomes but those investigations represented fewer than two-fifths of the analyses. Current use of contraception was the most commonly studied family planning outcome, examined in more than half the analyses, but reviewed articles showed inconsistent findings. This review provides the first critical synthesis of the literature and assesses existing evidence between women's empowerment and family planning use.
本文回顾了关于发展中国家妇女赋权与避孕措施使用、未满足的避孕需求及相关计划生育主题之间关系的文献。2013年5月，我们使用PubMed、Popline和科学网搜索引擎进行检索，以查阅1990年1月至2012年12月期间发表的文献。在纳入该综述的46篇文章中，大多数研究是在南亚开展的（n = 24）。家庭决策（n = 21）和流动性（n = 17）是妇女赋权最常被研究的领域。研究结果表明，赋权与计划生育之间的关系很复杂，存在积极和无关联的混合情况。在大多数计划生育结果方面，赋权与计划生育结果之间始终存在积极关联，但这些调查在分析中所占比例不到五分之二。当前避孕措施的使用是最常被研究的计划生育结果，超过一半的分析都涉及这一内容，但综述文章显示结果并不一致。本综述首次对相关文献进行了批判性综合，并评估了妇女赋权与计划生育使用之间的现有证据。
