Modulating Multiferroic Control of Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy Using 5d Transition Metal Capping Layers.

Electric-field control of magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy (MAE) is important for the optimal performance of the tunnel junction components of the STT-MRAM. In such a device, a high MAE of the free magnetic layer improves storage robustness, whereas a low MAE is also useful to keep energy expenditure in the switching process at a minimum. Using the frozen potential method to calculate the MAE of the CoFe layer, the electric-field control of MAE in the BaTiO/CoFe/(Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, or Au) heterostructure is studied. Electric field tuning of MAE is determined to be possible through switching the direction of BaTiO ferroelectric polarization, although both the tuning effect and the MAE depend strongly on the choice of the 5d transition metal element in the capping layer. The results predict a complicated behavior of both MAE and the underlayer polarization effect as we progress down the 5d series of elements as the choice of the capping layer element. Using the second-order perturbation theoretical framework, this behavior can nevertheless be explained by mechanisms including CoFe/capping layer interface hybridization and 5d band-filling trends in the capping layer.