Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; email:
Annu Rev Virol. 2020 Sep 29;7(1):495-512. doi: 10.1146/annurev-virology-010320-044746. Epub 2020 May 11.
Seasonal influenza vaccines prevent influenza-related illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths. However, these vaccines are not as effective as other viral vaccines, and there is clearly room for improvement. Here, we review the history of seasonal influenza vaccines, describe challenges associated with producing influenza vaccine antigens, and discuss the inherent difficulties of updating influenza vaccine strains each influenza season. We argue that seasonal influenza vaccines can be dramatically improved by modernizing antigen production processes and developing models that are better at predicting viral evolution. Resources should be specifically dedicated to improving seasonal influenza vaccines while developing entirely new vaccine platforms.
季节性流感疫苗可预防与流感相关的疾病、住院和死亡。然而，这些疫苗的效果不如其他病毒性疫苗，显然还有改进的空间。在这里，我们回顾了季节性流感疫苗的历史，描述了生产流感疫苗抗原所面临的挑战，并讨论了每个流感季节更新流感疫苗株的固有困难。我们认为，通过使抗原生产过程现代化和开发更能预测病毒进化的模型，可以大大改善季节性流感疫苗。在开发全新疫苗平台的同时，应专门投入资源来改进季节性流感疫苗。
