Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Curr Biol. 2020 Jun 22;30(12):2260-2274.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.04.034. Epub 2020 May 8.
Although domesticated goldfish strains exhibit highly diversified phenotypes in morphology, the genetic basis underlying these phenotypes is poorly understood. Here, based on analysis of transposable elements in the allotetraploid goldfish genome, we found that its two subgenomes have evolved asymmetrically since a whole-genome duplication event in the ancestor of goldfish and common carp. We conducted whole-genome sequencing of 27 domesticated goldfish strains and wild goldfish. We identified more than 60 million genetic variations and established a population genetic structure of major goldfish strains. Genome-wide association studies and analysis of strain-specific variants revealed genetic loci associated with several goldfish phenotypes, including dorsal fin loss, long-tail, telescope-eye, albinism, and heart-shaped tail. Our results suggest that accumulated mutations in the asymmetrically evolved subgenomes led to generation of diverse phenotypes in the goldfish domestication history. This study is a key resource for understanding the genetic basis of phenotypic diversity among goldfish strains.
虽然家养金鱼品种在形态上表现出高度多样化的表型，但这些表型的遗传基础还知之甚少。在这里，我们基于对金鱼和鲤鱼祖先全基因组复制事件后金鱼 allotetraploid 基因组中转座元件的分析，发现其两个亚基因组自那时起就已经不对称进化了。我们对 27 个家养金鱼品种和野生金鱼进行了全基因组测序。我们鉴定了超过 6000 万个遗传变异，并建立了主要金鱼品种的群体遗传结构。全基因组关联研究和品种特异性变异分析揭示了与几种金鱼表型相关的遗传位点，包括背鳍缺失、长尾、望远镜眼、白化病和心形尾。我们的结果表明，在不对称进化的亚基因组中积累的突变导致了金鱼驯化历史中多样化表型的产生。这项研究是理解金鱼品种间表型多样性遗传基础的关键资源。
