Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece.
Laboratory of Chemistry, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece.
Molecules. 2020 May 7;25(9):2179. doi: 10.3390/molecules25092179.
Few data exist about the effect of substrates' elemental content on the respective concentrations in cultivated mushrooms, on the degradation of lignocellulosics or on production parameters. Sixteen elements (14 metals and 2 metalloids) were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in and mushrooms, and in their seven cultivation substrates composed of various plant-based residues. Results revealed a high variability in elemental concentration among substrates which generally led to significant differences in the respective mushroom contents. High bioconcentration factors (BCFs) were noted for Cd, Cu, Mg and Zn for both species in all substrates. BCF of each element was variously affected by substrates' pH, crude composition, and P and K content. Significant positive correlations were demonstrated for Cu, Fe, Mn and Li concentrations vs. a decrease of cellulose and hemicellulose in substrates, and vs. mushrooms' biological efficiency. In the case of , Be, Mg and Mn concentrations were positively correlated with the decrease of hemicellulose in substrates, while a significant positive correlation was also recorded vs. mushroom productivity. Finally, it was found that 15% to 35% of the daily dietary needs in Mg, Se and Zn could be covered by mushroom consumption.
关于基质元素含量对栽培蘑菇中相应浓度、木质纤维素降解或生产参数的影响，目前数据有限。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）对 和 蘑菇及其由各种植物性残渣组成的 7 种栽培基质中的 16 种元素（14 种金属和 2 种类金属）进行了测量。结果表明，基质中元素浓度的变异性很高，这通常导致蘑菇中相应含量的显著差异。在所有基质中，两种蘑菇对 Cd、Cu、Mg 和 Zn 的生物浓缩系数（BCF）都很高。每个元素的 BCF 受基质的 pH 值、粗成分和 P 和 K 含量的不同影响。在 基质中，Cu、Fe、Mn 和 Li 浓度与纤维素和半纤维素的减少呈显著正相关，与蘑菇的生物效率呈正相关。对于 ，Be、Mg 和 Mn 的浓度与基质中半纤维素的减少呈正相关，而与蘑菇的生产力也呈显著正相关。最后发现，通过食用蘑菇可以满足每日镁、硒和锌需求量的 15%至 35%。
