Australian Research Council (ARC) Industrial Transformation Training Centre (ITTC) for Functional Grains, Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia.
School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, NSW 2650, Australia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 May 7;21(9):3314. doi: 10.3390/ijms21093314.
Glucose-induced oxidative stress is associated with the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which may dysregulate the expression of genes controlling insulin secretion leading to β-cell dysfunction, a hallmark of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study investigated the impact of coloured rice phenolic extracts (CRPEs) on the expression of key genes associated with β-cell function in pancreatic β-cells (INS-1E). These genes included glucose transporter 2 () silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 () mitochondrial transcription factor A () pancreatic/duodenal homeobox protein 1 () and insulin 1 (). INS-1E cells were cultured in high glucose (25 mM) to induce glucotoxic stress conditions (HGSC) and in normal glucose conditions (NGC-11.1 mM) to represent normal β-cell function. Cells were treated with CRPEs derived from two coloured rice cultivars, Purple and Yunlu29-red varieties at concentrations ranged from 50 to 250 µg/mL. CRPEs upregulated the expression of and significantly at 250 µg/mL under HGSC. CRPEs from both cultivars also upregulated and markedly at 250 µg/mL under NGC with Yunlu29 having the greatest effect. These data suggest that CRPEs may reduce β-cell dysfunction in T2DM by upregulating the expression of genes involved in insulin secretion pathways.
葡萄糖引起的氧化应激与活性氧（ROS）的过度产生有关，这可能会导致控制胰岛素分泌的基因表达失调，从而导致β细胞功能障碍，这是 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）的一个标志。本研究探讨了有色米酚提取物（CRPE）对胰腺β细胞（INS-1E）中与β细胞功能相关的关键基因表达的影响。这些基因包括葡萄糖转运蛋白 2（）沉默交配型信息调节 2 同源物 1（）线粒体转录因子 A（）胰腺/十二指肠同源盒蛋白 1（）和胰岛素 1（）。将 INS-1E 细胞在高葡萄糖（25 mM）中培养以诱导糖毒性应激条件（HGSC），并在正常葡萄糖条件（NGC-11.1 mM）下培养以代表正常β细胞功能。用两种有色米品种紫米和云露 29 红米衍生的 CRPE 以 50 至 250 µg/mL 的浓度处理细胞。在 HGSC 下，250 µg/mL 时 CRPE 显著上调 和 的表达。在 NGC 下，两种品种的 CRPE 均显著上调 和 的表达，云露 29 的作用最大。这些数据表明，CRPE 可能通过上调参与胰岛素分泌途径的基因表达来减少 T2DM 中的β细胞功能障碍。
