Xu Lianbin, Cheng Fengqi, Bu Dengpan, Li Xiuli
College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
Nutrients. 2023 Sep 17;15(18):4026. doi: 10.3390/nu15184026.
In order to investigate the chronic effects of basic amino acids (BAA) on β-cell metabolism and insulin secretion, INS-1 β-cells were randomly assigned to cultures in standard medium (Con), standard medium plus 10 mM L-Arginine (Arg), standard medium plus 10 mM L-Histidine (His) or standard medium plus 10 mM L-Lysine (Lys) for 24 h. Results showed that insulin secretion was decreased by the Arg treatment but was increased by the His treatment relative to the Con group ( < 0.05). Higher BAA concentrations reduced the high glucose-stimulated insulin secretions ( < 0.001), but only Lys treatment increased the intracellular insulin content than that in the Con group ( < 0.05). Compared with Arg and Lys, the His treatment increased the mitochondrial key enzyme gene expressions including , , and , and caused a greater change in the metabolites profiling ( < 0.05). The most significant pathways affected by Arg, His and Lys were arginine and proline metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and pyrimidine metabolism, respectively. Regression analysis screened 7 genes and 9 metabolites associated with insulin releases during BAA stimulations ( < 0.05). Together, different BAAs exerted dissimilar effects on β-cell metabolism and insulin outputs.
为了研究碱性氨基酸（BAA）对β细胞代谢和胰岛素分泌的慢性影响，将INS-1β细胞随机分配至在标准培养基（Con）、添加10 mM L-精氨酸（Arg）的标准培养基、添加10 mM L-组氨酸（His）的标准培养基或添加10 mM L-赖氨酸（Lys）的标准培养基中培养24小时。结果显示，相对于Con组，Arg处理降低了胰岛素分泌，而His处理增加了胰岛素分泌（<0.05）。较高的BAA浓度降低了高糖刺激的胰岛素分泌（<0.001），但只有Lys处理增加了细胞内胰岛素含量，高于Con组（<0.05）。与Arg和Lys相比，His处理增加了包括、、和在内的线粒体关键酶基因表达，并导致代谢物谱发生更大变化（<0.05）。受Arg、His和Lys影响最显著的途径分别是精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢、氨酰-tRNA生物合成和嘧啶代谢。回归分析筛选出7个基因和9种与BAA刺激期间胰岛素释放相关的代谢物（<0.05）。总之，不同的BAA对β细胞代谢和胰岛素分泌产生不同的影响。
