Boruszewska Dorota, Kowalczyk-Zieba Ilona, Suwik Katarzyna, Staszkiewicz-Chodor Joanna, Jaworska Joanna, Lukaszuk Krzysztof, Woclawek-Potocka Izabela
Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10 Str., 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 3a Str., 80-210, Gdansk, Poland.
Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2020 May 11;18(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s12958-020-00598-9.
The role of prostaglandin E (PGE) in the successful resumption of oocyte meiosis and cumulus expansion has been well-documented. However, there remains very little information available on the influence of PGE on other processes that occur during oocyte maturation. In this study, we supplemented a maturation medium with PGE and monitored oocyte quality markers, glucose metabolism, mitochondrial status, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs), using a well-established in vitro model of embryo production in cattle. We found that this increased availability of PGE during maturation led to an increase in the expression of genes associated with oocyte competence and improved the quality of blastocysts produced. Prostaglandin E also appeared to stimulate glucose uptake and lactate production in the COCs, both influencing the expression of enzymes involved in glycolysis and the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. We found that PGE reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, and simultaneously increased glutathione concentration and stimulated antioxidant gene expression in the oocyte. These results indicate that PGE has an important role in the protection of oocytes against oxidative stress. Mitochondrial membrane potential was also improved in PGE-treated oocytes, and there was a reduction in the occurrence of apoptosis in the COCs. Promotion of an anti-apoptotic balance in transcription of genes involved in apoptosis was present in both oocytes and the cumulus cells. In summary, PGE could represent a novel autocrine/paracrine player in the mechanisms that can facilitate successful oocyte maturation and oocyte survival in the cow.
前列腺素E（PGE）在卵母细胞减数分裂成功恢复和卵丘扩展中的作用已有充分记载。然而，关于PGE对卵母细胞成熟过程中发生的其他过程的影响，目前所知甚少。在本研究中，我们在成熟培养基中添加PGE，并使用成熟的牛胚胎体外生产模型，监测卵丘-卵母细胞复合体（COCs）中的卵母细胞质量标志物、葡萄糖代谢、线粒体状态、氧化应激和细胞凋亡。我们发现，成熟过程中PGE可用性的增加导致与卵母细胞能力相关的基因表达增加，并提高了所产生囊胚的质量。前列腺素E似乎还能刺激COCs中的葡萄糖摄取和乳酸产生，这两者都会影响参与糖酵解和己糖胺生物合成途径的酶的表达。我们发现PGE降低了细胞内活性氧水平，同时增加了谷胱甘肽浓度，并刺激了卵母细胞中抗氧化基因的表达。这些结果表明，PGE在保护卵母细胞免受氧化应激方面具有重要作用。PGE处理的卵母细胞中线粒体膜电位也得到改善，COCs中细胞凋亡的发生率降低。在卵母细胞和卵丘细胞中均存在促进凋亡相关基因转录中的抗凋亡平衡。总之，PGE可能是促进奶牛卵母细胞成功成熟和存活机制中的一种新型自分泌/旁分泌因子。
