Nenoff Pietro, Gebhardt Matthias, Klonowski Esther, Koch Daniela, Krüger Constanze, Uhrlaß Silke
Labor für medizinische Mikrobiologie, Partnerschaft Prof. Dr. med. Pietro Nenoff & Dr. med. Constanze Krüger, Mölbiser Hauptstr. 8, 04571, Rötha OT Mölbis, Deutschland.
Hautarztpraxis Dr. Matthias Gebhardt, Leipziger Str. 90, 08058, Zwickau, Deutschland.
Hautarzt. 2020 Sep;71(9):705-710. doi: 10.1007/s00105-020-04601-7.
Three boys from the same city, treated by the same dermatologist, developed tinea capitis. Two of them, 4 and 8 years old, underwent mycological diagnostic workup. However, no pathogens familiar in this country, such as Microsporum (M.) canis or Trichophyton (T.) tonsurans, were isolated, but instead that of a dermatophyte that has not been found in Germany for decades. Both dermatophyte isolates showed white-beige-brownish colonies with a flat, radiating edge and a central, verrucous curvature. The sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rDNA confirmed the suspicion of M. ferrugineum already expressed based on the morphological picture. The anthropophilic dermatophyte occurs in the Middle East, Asia, Eastern Europe and Africa and is considered to be the cause of tinea capitis or tinea corporis in children and adolescents. In 2016, M. ferrugineum has again been isolated in Germany, probably as a result of migration movements. The fungus is strikingly isolated to martial arts, especially wrestlers. It mainly affects children and adolescents, some with a Russian-German background. The anthropophilic dermatophyte is transmitted directly from person to person, especially in the case of tinea capitis. An indirect transmission, for example, via mats in martial arts is likely.
来自同一城市的三个男孩由同一位皮肤科医生诊治，均患上了头癣。其中两个男孩，分别为4岁和8岁，接受了真菌学诊断检查。然而，并未分离出该国常见的病原体，如犬小孢子菌（M. canis）或断发毛癣菌（T. tonsurans），而是分离出了一种在德国已数十年未被发现的皮肤癣菌。两种皮肤癣菌分离株均呈现出白米色至棕褐色的菌落，边缘扁平且呈放射状，中央有疣状弯曲。核糖体DNA内部转录间隔区（ITS）的测序证实了基于形态学特征已初步怀疑的铁锈色小孢子菌（M. ferrugineum）。这种亲人性皮肤癣菌出现在中东、亚洲、东欧和非洲，被认为是儿童和青少年头癣或体癣的病因。2016年，铁锈色小孢子菌在德国再次被分离出来，这可能是移民流动的结果。这种真菌明显与武术运动有关，尤其是摔跤运动员。它主要影响儿童和青少年，其中一些有俄罗斯 - 德国背景。这种亲人性皮肤癣菌通过人与人之间直接传播，尤其是在头癣病例中。例如，通过武术运动中的垫子进行间接传播也是可能的。
