Zhou Xin, Ahmed Sarah A, Tang Chao, Grisolia Maria Eduarda, Warth José Francisco Ghignatti, Webster Kristen, Peano Andrea, Uhrlass Silke, Cafarchia Claudia, Hayette Marie Pierre, Sacheli Rosalie, Matos Tadeja, Kang Yingqian, de Hoog G Sybren, Feng Peiying
Center of Expertise in Mycology of Radboud University Medical Center, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Department of Dermatology, 3rd Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-senen University, Guangzhou, China.
IMA Fungus. 2023 Jul 24;14(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s43008-023-00120-x.
The Microsporum canis complex consists of one zoophilic species, M. canis, and two anthropophilic species, M. audouinii and M. ferrugineum. These species are the most widespread zoonotic pathogens causing dermatophytosis in cats and humans worldwide. To clarify the evolutionary relationship between the three species and explore the potential host shift process, this study used phylogenetic analysis, population structure analysis, multispecies coalescent analyses, determination of MAT idiomorph distribution, sexual crosses, and macromorphology and physicochemical features to address the above questions. The complex of Microsporum canis, M. audouinii and M. ferrugineum comprises 12 genotypes. MAT1-1 was present only in M. canis, while the anthropophilic entities contained MAT1-2. The pseudocleistothecia were yielded by the mating behaviour of M. canis and M. audouinii. Growth rates and lipase, keratinolysis and urea hydrolytic capacities of zoophilic M. canis isolates were all higher than those of anthropophilic strains; DNase activity of M. ferrugineum exceeded that of M. canis. The optimum growth temperature was 28 °C, but 22 °C favoured the development of macroconidia. Molecular data, physicochemical properties and phenotypes suggest the adaptation of zoophilic M. canis to anthropophilic M. ferrugineum, with M. audouinii in an intermediate position.
犬小孢子菌复合体由一种嗜动物性物种犬小孢子菌、两种嗜人动物性物种奥杜盎小孢子菌和铁锈色小孢子菌组成。这些物种是全球范围内引起猫和人类皮肤癣菌病的最广泛的人畜共患病原体。为了阐明这三个物种之间的进化关系并探索潜在的宿主转移过程，本研究采用系统发育分析、群体结构分析、多物种溯祖分析、MAT idiomorph分布测定、有性杂交以及宏观形态和理化特征来解决上述问题。犬小孢子菌、奥杜盎小孢子菌和铁锈色小孢子菌复合体包含12个基因型。MAT1-1仅存在于犬小孢子菌中，而嗜人动物性菌包含MAT1-2。犬小孢子菌和奥杜盎小孢子菌的交配行为产生了假闭囊壳。嗜动物性犬小孢子菌分离株的生长速率以及脂肪酶、角蛋白分解和尿素水解能力均高于嗜人动物性菌株；铁锈色小孢子菌的DNA酶活性超过犬小孢子菌。最适生长温度为28℃，但22℃有利于大分生孢子的发育。分子数据、理化性质和表型表明嗜动物性犬小孢子菌适应嗜人动物性铁锈色小孢子菌，奥杜盎小孢子菌处于中间位置。
