Tseng Tseng-Hau, Chen Hsi-Chung, Wang Li-Ying, Chien Meng-Yueh
Department of Rehabilitation, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan.
Department of Psychiatry and Center of Sleep Disorders, National Taiwan University and Hospital, Taiwan.
J Clin Sleep Med. 2020 Sep 15;16(9):1483-1492. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.8560.
We aimed (1) to investigate the effect of a 12-week exercise training on sleep quality and heart rate variability in middle-aged and older adults with poor sleep quality and (2) to examine the factors associated with the improvements in sleep quality and heart rate variability parameters.
Forty adults aged ≥ 40 years with poor sleep quality (mean age = 62 years; 82.5% female) participated in this study. They were randomized into the exercise group or control group. Each exercise training program consisted of 40 minutes of supervised aerobic exercise training and 10 minutes of stretching class, 3 times a week for 12 weeks. Outcome measures included both subjective (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and objective (actigraphy recordings) sleep quality assessments, a cardiopulmonary exercise test, and heart rate variability assessment.
The exercise group showed significant improvements in the global score (P = .003), on all subscales of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (P < .05), and in some heart rate variability parameters compared to the control group. Multiple regression analysis indicated that exercise participation was associated with either the sleep quality (β = -0.617, R² = .407; F = 6.226, P < .001) or heart rate monitor high frequency normalized units (β = 0.503, R² = .225; F = 3.200, P = .003) after adjustment for basic characteristics. However, the statistical significance between exercise participation and heart rate monitor high frequency normalized units diminished after controlling for the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.
Our results indicated that moderate-intensity exercise training had a beneficial effect on sleep quality and cardiac autonomic function. Middle-aged and older adults with poor sleep quality should be encouraged to engage in a moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training to improve their sleep quality and cardiac autonomic function.
Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov; Name: The Effects of Exercise Training in Community-dwelling Elderly With Sleep Disturbances With Follow-up; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03005990; Identifier: NCT03005990.
我们旨在（1）调查为期12周的运动训练对睡眠质量差的中老年人睡眠质量和心率变异性的影响，以及（2）研究与睡眠质量和心率变异性参数改善相关的因素。
40名年龄≥40岁、睡眠质量差的成年人（平均年龄=62岁；82.5%为女性）参与了本研究。他们被随机分为运动组或对照组。每个运动训练项目包括40分钟的有监督的有氧运动训练和10分钟的伸展课程，每周3次，共12周。结果测量包括主观（匹兹堡睡眠质量指数）和客观（活动记录仪记录）睡眠质量评估、心肺运动试验和心率变异性评估。
与对照组相比，运动组在匹兹堡睡眠质量指数的总体评分（P = .003）、所有子量表（P < .05）以及一些心率变异性参数方面均有显著改善。多元回归分析表明，在调整基本特征后，运动参与与睡眠质量（β = -0.617，R² = .407；F = 6.226，P < .001）或心率监测高频标准化单位（β = 0.503，R² = .225；F = 3.200，P = .003）相关。然而，在控制匹兹堡睡眠质量指数后，运动参与与心率监测高频标准化单位之间的统计学显著性降低。
我们的结果表明，中等强度运动训练对睡眠质量和心脏自主神经功能有有益影响。应鼓励睡眠质量差的中老年人进行中等强度的有氧运动训练，以改善他们的睡眠质量和心脏自主神经功能。
注册机构：ClinicalTrials.gov；名称：运动训练对社区居住的睡眠障碍老年人的影响及随访；网址：https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03005990；标识符：NCT03005990。
