Eom Ki Seong
Department of Neurosurgery, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Korea.
Korean J Neurotrauma. 2020 Apr 1;16(1):49-59. doi: 10.13004/kjnt.2020.16.e5. eCollection 2020 Apr.
Traumatic pneumocephalus (TP) is a common complication of traumatic brain injury (TBI), which is characterized by the abnormal entrapment of air in the intracranial cavity after TBI to the meninges. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical and radiological characteristics related to TP associated with TBI.
From January 2013 to March 2018, the data from 71 patients with TP after TBI were collected. Demographic and clinical characteristics were investigated and the distribution of TP was investigated as radiological characteristics. The author compared the demographic characteristics of TP to the data from the Korean Neurotrauma Data Bank System (KNTDBS).
There was a higher ratio of males in patients with TP compared with KNTDBS. The mean age was 48.4±20.5 years and the incidence was highest in those 41-60 years of age (42.3%). Surgical treatment was performed in 23.9% patients. The mortality associated with the TP was 4.2%. The most common cause of injury was a traffic accident (52.1%). TP was mainly located in the epidural space (53.5%) and showed a scatter pattern (60.6%). It was mostly located in the frontal and temporal area (81.7%). Skull fractures were observed in 40.8% in the temporal bone and 25.4% in the frontal bone.
The author identified epidemiology, clinical, and radiological characteristics of TP associated with TBI. Although this study has many limitations, the author believes it is worthwhile as it examines various characteristics of TP, which previously had relatively little clinical interest.
创伤性气颅（TP）是创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的常见并发症，其特征为TBI后颅内腔至脑膜的空气异常滞留。本研究的目的是调查与TBI相关的TP的临床和影像学特征。
收集2013年1月至2018年3月71例TBI后发生TP患者的数据。调查人口统计学和临床特征，并将TP的分布作为影像学特征进行研究。作者将TP的人口统计学特征与韩国神经创伤数据库系统（KNTDBS）的数据进行了比较。
与KNTDBS相比，TP患者中男性比例更高。平均年龄为48.4±20.5岁，发病率在41 - 60岁人群中最高（42.3%）。23.9%的患者接受了手术治疗。与TP相关的死亡率为4.2%。最常见的损伤原因是交通事故（52.1%）。TP主要位于硬膜外间隙（53.5%），呈散在分布（60.6%）。大多位于额颞部（81.7%）。颞骨骨折发生率为40.8%，额骨骨折发生率为25.4%。
作者明确了与TBI相关的TP的流行病学、临床和影像学特征。尽管本研究有许多局限性，但作者认为它是有价值的，因为它研究了TP的各种特征，而这些特征以前临床关注相对较少。
