RAND Europe, Cambridge, UK.
International PharmaScience Center, Ferring Pharmaceuticals A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark.
J Med Econ. 2020 Sep;23(9):994-1003. doi: 10.1080/13696998.2020.1767631. Epub 2020 Jun 2.
Nocturia (getting up at night to urinate, where each urination being followed by sleep or intention to sleep) is a bothersome symptom with potentially negative consequences for individual health and daytime functioning. This study assessed the burden of nocturia in the workplace by investigating associations between nocturia and subjective well-being (SWB), work engagement and productivity. Using large-scale international workplace survey data, the associations between nocturia, SWB, work engagement (Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, UWES-9) and productivity (Work Productivity and Activity Impairment, WPAI) were assessed. Bivariate and multivariate regression analysis was used with adjustment for a large set of confounding factors, including sleep duration and sleep quality. Across a study sample of 92,129 observations, aged 18-70, an average of 10% of the survey population reported ≥2 nocturnal voids (generally considered clinically significant nocturia), with prevalence of nocturia increasing with age. Individuals with nocturia reported a 35.7% ( < .001) higher relative sleep disturbance score and were 10.5 percentage points (pp) ( < .001) more likely to report short sleep. Adjusted for covariates, nocturia was associated with a 3.5% ( < .001) lower relative SWB score and a 2% ( < .001) lower relative UWES-9 work engagement score. Nocturia was associated with a 3.9 pp ( < .001) higher work impairment due to absenteeism and presenteeism (WPAI). Adjusting additionally for sleep disturbance and sleep duration reduced the magnitude of the estimated effects, suggesting a key role for poor sleep in explaining the relationship between nocturia and the outcomes (SWB, UWES-9, WPAI) assessed. A key contribution of this study is the assessment of the association between nocturia and a range of work performance outcomes in a sizeable study using validated instruments to measure work engagement and productivity. The study highlights the importance of taking sleep into account when assessing the relationship between nocturia and associated outcomes.
夜间多尿症（夜间起床排尿，每次排尿后都有睡眠或打算睡眠）是一种令人困扰的症状，可能对个人健康和白天的功能产生负面影响。本研究通过调查夜间多尿症与主观幸福感（SWB）、工作投入和生产力之间的关系，评估了工作场所夜间多尿症的负担。本研究使用大规模国际工作场所调查数据，评估了夜间多尿症、SWB（乌得勒支工作投入量表，UWES-9）和生产力（工作效率和活动障碍，WPAI）之间的关联。采用双变量和多变量回归分析，调整了大量混杂因素，包括睡眠时间和睡眠质量。在一项年龄在 18-70 岁的研究样本中，有 92129 次观察，平均有 10%的调查人群报告有≥2 次夜间排尿（通常被认为是临床上有意义的夜间多尿症），夜间多尿症的患病率随着年龄的增长而增加。有夜间多尿症的个体报告的相对睡眠障碍评分高 35.7%（ < .001），报告睡眠不足的可能性高 10.5 个百分点（pp）（ < .001）。调整了混杂因素后，夜间多尿症与相对 SWB 评分低 3.5%（ < .001）和相对 UWES-9 工作投入评分低 2%（ < .001）有关。夜间多尿症与因旷工和出勤导致的工作障碍（WPAI）高 3.9 pp（ < .001）有关。此外，调整睡眠障碍和睡眠时间会降低估计效应的幅度，这表明睡眠质量差在解释夜间多尿症与所评估的结果（SWB、UWES-9、WPAI）之间的关系方面起着关键作用。本研究的一个主要贡献是，使用经过验证的工具来衡量工作投入和生产力，在一项使用大样本评估夜间多尿症与一系列工作绩效结果之间关系的研究中，评估了夜间多尿症与一系列工作绩效结果之间的关系。该研究强调了在评估夜间多尿症与相关结果之间的关系时，考虑睡眠的重要性。
