Lee Kassandra R, Richardson Alex J, Walowit Eric, Crognale Michael A, Webster Michael A
J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2020 Apr 1;37(4):A35-A43. doi: 10.1364/JOSAA.381256.
Color vision and spectral sensitivity vary among individuals with normal color vision; thus, for many applications, it is important to measure and correct for an observer's sensitivity. Full correction would require measuring color and luminance matches and is rarely implemented. However, luminance matches (equiluminance settings) are routinely measured and simple to conduct. We modeled how well an observer's color matches could be approximated by measuring only luminance sensitivity, since both depend on a common set of factors. We show that lens and macular pigment density and $L/M$L/M cone ratios alter equiluminance settings in different ways and can therefore be estimated from the settings. In turn, the density variations can account for a large proportion of the normal variation in color matching. Thus, luminance matches may provide a simple method to at least partially predict an observer's color matches without requiring more complex tasks or equipment.
具有正常色觉的个体之间的色觉和光谱敏感度存在差异；因此，对于许多应用而言，测量并校正观察者的敏感度很重要。完全校正需要测量颜色和亮度匹配，且很少实施。然而，亮度匹配（等亮度设置）是常规测量的，且操作简单。由于颜色匹配和亮度匹配都依赖于一组共同的因素，我们建立了一个模型，来研究仅通过测量亮度敏感度能多好地近似观察者的颜色匹配。我们表明，晶状体和黄斑色素密度以及L/M视锥细胞比率以不同方式改变等亮度设置，因此可以从这些设置中进行估计。反过来，密度变化可以解释颜色匹配中很大一部分的正常变异。因此，亮度匹配可能提供一种简单的方法，至少部分地预测观察者的颜色匹配，而无需更复杂的任务或设备。
